An Evaluation of the Vocabulary in Turkish Textbooks Before and After the Constructivist Approach in the Context of Frequency
An Evaluation of the Vocabulary in Turkish Textbooks Before and After the Constructivist Approach in the Context of Frequency
Purpose: Research shows that students in Turkey aretaught to write with much smaller vocabularies thanstudents in other countries. Along with theconstructivist approach, the frequency of words usedin texts should be high, and unknown words shouldbe at certain levels in order to allow for production,cognizance and creation of information based onexisting information.The aim of this research is to analyze the vocabulary in Turkish textbooks before and after theintroduction of the constructivist approach on the basis of frequency and origin.Method: The research was conducted using a general screening model composed of the words usedin informative texts in Turkish textbooks before and after the introduction of the constructivistapproach. With the aid of random sampling, informative texts with “Nature and Universe” themesthat were used in 2001-2002 and 2013-2014 in secondary schools were chosen as samples. Frequencyand percentage proportions were made in a descriptive way in order to compare the numbers of thesame and different lemmas. T-test and Mann Whitney U test were used to determinemeaningfulness.Findings: While there is not a significant difference in frequency between TBCA and TACA in theTurkish, Arabic, Persian and western-based words. It has been determined that, among words thatdo not have synonyms, the same book after the introduction of the constructivist approach shows apreference for words used with less frequency.Implications for Research and Practice: The word lists for each level should be made in the contextof frequency of use in textbooks.
___
- Adali, O. (2004). Turkiye Turkcesinde bicimbirimler [Morphemes in Turkish](2. Basım).
Istanbul: Papatya Yayıncılık Egitim.
- Aksan, D. (1982). Her yonuyle dil-Ana cizgileriyle dilbilim [Language in all Perspective-
Linguistics within Basic Lines]. Ankara: Turk Dil Kurumu.
- Aksan, D. (1997). Anlambilim: Anlambilim konulari ve Turkcenin anlambilimi [Semantics:
Topics in semantics and Turkish semantics ]. Ankara: Engin Yayınevi.
- Aksan, Y., Mersinli, U. & Yaldir, Y. (2011). İlkogretim Turkce ders kitaplari derlemi
ve Turkce ulusal dil derlemi orneklemindeki sozcuk sikliklari [The corpus
of Turkish textbooks and the word frequency in the sample of Turkish
National Corpus]. In: Günay, D. et al (Eds). (2011). Turkce ogretimi uzerine
calismalar, 397- 408. İzmir: Dokuz Eylul Universitesi.
- Aksan, Y. et al. (2012). Construction of the Turkish National Corpus (TNC).
Proceedings Of The Eight İnternational Conference On Language Resources And
Evaluation
(LREC 2012). Istanbul.
Turkiye. http://www.lrec-
conf.org/proceedings/lrec2012/papers.html
- Apaydin, N. (2010). 6. sinif Turkce ders kitaplarinin soz varligi acisindan incelenmesi [The
evaluation of Turkish textbooks in the context of vocabulary ]. [M.A. Thesis,
Marmara Universitesi, Egitim Bilimleri Enstitusu].
- Ari, G. (2003). İlkogretim altinci sinif ders kitaplarindaki kelimeler ve bu kelimelerin
kullanilabilirligi [The vocabulary in the 6th Grade in primary education and the
usage of these]. [M. A. Thesis, Marmara Universitesi, Istanbul]
- Buyukozturk, S, Cakmak, K. E., Akgun, O.E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2009).
Bilimsel arastirma yontemleri [Scientific research methods]. Ankara: Pegem
Akademi.
- Cotuksoken, Y. (2012). Turkce anlamdaslar ve karsitanlamlilar sozlugu [The dictinary of
Turkish synonyms and antonyms]. Istanbul: Papatya.
- Author. (2013). The efficiency of secondary school Turkish students in using cohesive
devices. 13. Uluslararası Dil, Yazin ve Deyişbilim Sempozyumu: Basit Uslup,
1169-1182.
- Author. (2014). Turkçe ogretiminde sozcuk ogretim yontemlerinin yeterliligi [The
efficiency of vocabulary teaching methods in Turkish language teaching].
Adiyaman Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu Dergisi, 17, 233-258.
- Eren, H. (1999). Turk dilinin etimolojik sozlugu [The etymological dictionary of Turkish].
Ankara: Bizim Buro Basim Evi.
- Goz, I. (2003). Yazili Turkcenin kelime sikligi sozlugu [The frequency dictionary of written
Turkish]. Ankara: TDK
- Gunes, F. (2013). Turkçe ogretimi. Yaklaşimlar ve modeller [Turkish language teaching.
Approaches and models. ]Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
- Guzel, A. (2006). İlkogretim Birinci Kademe Ogrencilerine Ortak Kelime Hazinesi
Kazandirmanin Onemi [The Importance of Improving Common
Vocabulary of Students in Primary Education]. In: C. Yıldız & L. Beyreli
(Eds). Dilbilim, Dil Ogretimi ve Ceviribilim Yazilari, 323-331. Ankara:
Pegema Yayinlari.
- Hatch, B. & Brown, C. (1995). Vocabulary, semantics and language education. New York,
ABD: Cambridge University Press.
- Kanar, M. (2011). Osmanli Turkcesi sozlugu [The dictionary of Ottoman Turkish].
Istanbul: SAY Yayinevi.
- Karadag, O. (2005). İlkogretim 1. kademe ogrencilerinin kelime hazinesi uzerine bir
araştirma [A research on the vocabulary of students at the 1st level in primary
education]. [Ph. D. dissertation, Gazi Universitesi, Egitim Bilimleri
Enstitusu].
- Karaoglu, S. (2014). Turkçe Cevrimici Derlemler Uzerine. KMU Sosyal ve Ekonomik
Araştirmalar Dergı̇ si, 16 (Ozel Sayi I), 181-188.
- Karasar, N. (1984). Bilimsel araştirma yontemi: Kavramlar, ilkeler, teknikler [Scientific
research method: Notions, principles and techniques. (3.Baskı). Ankara: Bilim
- Kasgarli M. (1071). Divan-i Luqat-i it-Turk [The dictionary of Turkish]. TDK (Ed.).
Divan-i Luqat-i it-Turk Dizini, 2003.
- Kiran, Z. & Kiran A. (2001). Dilbilime giris [Introduction of linquistics]. Ankara: Seckin
Yayincilik San. ve Tic. A.S.
- Kurt,
127
A.
(Agustos
2007).
Metin
analizi
[Text
analysis].
http//ce.istanbul.edu.tr/atakan/metinanalizi/ce.istanbul.edu.tr.]. 2014,
May 15.
- Kurudayioglu, (2005). İlkogretim II. Kademe ogrencilerinin Kelime Hazinesi Uzerine Bir
Arastirma [A research on the vocabulary of Students in Secondary Education].
Ankara: Gazi Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri Enstitusu (Yayimlanmamiş
Doktora Tezi).
- Nation, P. & Newton, J. (1997). Teaching vocabulary . In: J. Coady & T. Huckin (Eds).
Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition, 238-255. USA: Cambridge
University Press.
- Nation, P. (2001). Using small corpora to investigate learner needs. In: Ghadessy, M.,
Henry, A. & Robert L. Roseberry, R. L. (Eds.) Small Corpus Studies and ELT,
31-47. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
- Nisanyan,
S.
Nisanyan
Sozluk
[Nişanyan’s
https://www.nisanyansozluk.com. 2015, October 10.
dictionary].
- Ozbay, M. ve Meylanlioglu, D. (2008). Turkce egitiminde kelime hazinesinin onemi
[The importance of vocabulary in Turkish education]. Yuzuncu Yil
Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, V(1), 30-45.
- Ozdemir, E. (2011). Yuzler ve sozcukler [Faces and words]. Ankara: Bilgi Yayinevi.
- Ozdemir, E. (2012). Anlatim Sanati [The art of telling](17.basım). Ankara: Bilgi
Yayinevi.
- Ozdemirel, A. Y. (2017). Yabancı Dil Olarak Turkçe ve İngilizce Ders Kitaplarindaki
Sozcuklerin Kullanim Sikligi Baglaminda Degerlendirilmesi [The Evaluation of
The Words in The Textbooks for Teaching Turkish and English as A Foreign
Languages in Terms of Frequency of Occurance].Yayimlanmamis Yuksek
Lisans Tezi. Istanbul Universitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu.
- Ozturk, H. (2013). Cagdas Turk romaninda bir sozvarligi incelemesi [An evaluation
of vocabulary in contemporary Turkish novel]. E-Dil Dergisi, 157-173.
- Tietze, A. (2009). Tarihi ve etimolojik Turkiye Turkcesi lugati (1914-2003)[The historical
and etymological Turkish dictinary ]. Wien: Verlag der Osterreichischen
Academic der Wissenschaften.
- Topkaraoglu, M. & Dilman, H. (2013). Sozcuk gelistirme aktivitelerinin ogrencilerin
sahip oldukları genel dil seviyeleri uzerindeki etkisi [The effect of the
word developing activities on language level of students]. Bati Anadolu
Egitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 4 (8), 15-29.
- Turhan, H. (2010). 8. sinif Turkce ders kitaplarindaki metinlerin soz varligi acisindan
incelenmesi [Evaluation of the texts in 8th grade Turkish textbooks in the context
of vocabulary ]. [M.A. Thesis, Marmara Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri
Enstitusu].
- Turk Dil Kurumu (TDK, 2005). Turkce Sozluk [Turkish Dictionary]. Ankara: Turk Dil
Kurumu.
- Uludag, C. (2010). 7. sinif Turkce ders kitaplarinin soz varligi acisindan incelenmesi
[Evaluation of the texts in 8th grade Turkish textbooks in the context of
vocabulary]. [M.A. Thesis, Marmara Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri
Enstitusu].
- Vygosky, L. S. (1998). Dusunce ve dil [Mind and language]. Istanbul: Toplumsal
Donusum Yayinlari.
- Yurdakul, B. (2005). Yapilandirmacilik [Constructivism]. In: O. Demirel (Ed). Egitimde
Yeni Yonelimler. Ankara: Pegem Yayincilik.