___

• Abe, J. A. (2004). Shame, guilt, and personality judgment. Journal of Research in Personality, 38, 85–104.
• Akba?, M., & Erden-?mamo?lu, S. (2010). Cinsiyet ve ba?lanma stillerinin utanç, suçluluk ve yalnzlk duygularn yordama gücünün ara?trlmas. [The prediction of gender and attachment styles on shame, guilt, and loneliness]. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 10 (2), 651-682.
• Barrett, K. C. (1995). A functionalist approach to shame and guilt. In J. P. Tangney & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp. 25-63). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• Baumeister, R. F., Stillwell, A. M., & Heatherton, T. F. (1995). Interpersonal aspects of guilt: Evidence from narrative studies. In J. P. Tangney, & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), Self-conscious emotion: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp. 255–273). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• Bedford, O., & Hwang, K. (2003). Guilt and shame in Chinese culture: A crosscultural framework from the perspective of morality and identity. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 33, 127-144.
• Benetti-McQuoid, J., & Bursik, K. (2005). Individual differences in experiences of and responses to guilt and shame: Examining the lenses of gender and gender role. Sex Roles, 53 (1-2), 133-142.
• Bybee, J., & Quiles, Z. N. (1998). Guilt and mental health. In J. Bybee (Ed.), Guilt and children (pp. 269–291). New York, NY: Academic Press.
• Costa, P. T. Jr., & McCrae. R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa. FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
• Costa, P. T., & Widiger, T. A. (1994). Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Cross, S. E., & Madson, L. (1997). Models of the self: Self-construal theory and gender. Psychological Bulletin, 122, 5-37.
• Ek?i, H. (2004). Ki?ilik ve ba?açkma: Ba?açkma tarzlarnn durumsal ve e?ilimsel boyutlar üzerine çok yönlü bir ara?trma. [Personality and coping: A multidimensional research on situational and dispositional coping]. Kuram ve Uygulamada E?itim Bilimleri/ Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 4 (1), 94- 98.
• Einstein, D., & Lanning, K. (1998). Shame, guilt, ego development, and the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Personality, 66, 555–582.
• Fossum, M. A., & Mason, M. J. (1986). Facing shame: Families in recovery. New York, NY: Norton.
• Gilbert, P., Pehl, J., & Allan, S. (1994). The phenomenology of shame and guilt: An empirical investigation. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 67, 23-36.
• Göktan, B., & Akba?, M. (2010). An investigation on Turkish military school students: Are there associations among big five personality factors, perceived family environment and hopelessness?, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2 (2), 5458-5462.
• Graziano, W. G., & Eisenberg, N. (1997). Agreeableness: A dimension of personality. In R. Hogan, J. A. Johnson, & S. R. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 795-824). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
• Graziano, W. G., Jensen-Campbell, L. A., & Hair, E. C. (1996). Perceiving interpersonal conflict and reacting to it: The case for agreeableness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 820-835.
• Graziano, W. G., & Ward, D. (1992). Probing the Big Five in adolescence: Personality and adjustment during a developmental transition. Journal of Personality, 60, 425–429.
• Gülgöz, S. (2002). Five-factor model and NEO-PPI in Turkey. In R.R. McCrae, & Allik, J. (Eds.). The five factor model of personality across cultures (pp. 175-195). New York, NY: Kluwer Academia /Plenum Publishers.
• Harder, D. W. (1995). Shame and guilt assessment, and relationships of shame- and guilt-proneness to psychopathology. In J. P. Tangney, & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), The self-conscious emotions (pp. 368–392). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• Harder, D. W., & Greenwald, D. F. (1999). Further validation of the shame and guilt scales of the Harder Personal Feelings Questionnaires-2. Psychological Reports, 85, 271–281.
• Hoffmann, M. L. (1998). Varieties of empathy-based guilt. In J. Bybee (Ed.), Guilt and children (pp. 91-112). Boston, MA: Academic Press.
• Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. London: McGraw- Hill.
• Izard, C. E. (1978). Guilt, conscience and morality. Human emotions (pp. 421-452). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
• Johnson, J. A., & Ostendorf. F. (1993). Clarification of the Five-factor-model with the abridged big Five dimensional circumflex. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 65, 563–576.
• Jones, W. H., Kugler, K., & Adams, P. (1995). You always hurt the one you love: Guilt and transgressions against relationship partners. In J. P. Tangney, & K. W.
• Fischer (Eds.), Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp. 274–300). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• John, O. P., Caspi, A., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1994). The ‘‘little five’’: Exploring the nomological network of the five-factor model of personality in adolescent boys. Child Development, 65, 160–178.
• Jung, H. (2002). Shame as a mediator between parenting and psychological adjustment for Causian and Korean students: A structural equation modeling approach (Unpublished dissertation), Biola University, USA.
• Ka?tçba?, Ç. (2010). Benlik, aile ve insan geli?imi: Kültürel psikoloji. [Family, self, and human: Development across cultures]. ?stanbul: Koç University Publishing.
• Ka?tçba?, Ç., & Ataca, B. (2005). Value of children and family change: A three decade portrait from Turkey. Applied Psychology: International Review, 54, 317- 337.
• Kurt, E. (2001). Effects of religiosity, personality traits and social responsibility attitudes on nonspontaneous helping behavior in a natural disaster (Unpublished master thesis). Bosporus University, Istanbul, Turkey.
• Lewis, H. B. (1971). Shame and guilt in neurosis. New York: International Universities Press.
• Lewis, H. B. (1987). Introduction: Shame – The “sleeper” in psychopathology. In H. B. Lewis (Ed.), The role of shame in symptom formation (pp. 1-28). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
• Lewis, M., Alessandri, S. M., & Sullivan, M. W. (1992). Differences in shame and pride as a function of children’s gender and task difficulty. Child Development, 63, 630-638.
• Lindsay-Hartz, J., De Riviera, J., & Mascolo, M. F. (1995). Differentiating guilt and shame and their effects on motivation. In J. P. Tangney & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), Self conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp.174-300). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• McCrae, R. R. (1996). Social consequences of experiential openness. Psychological Bulletin, 120, 323-337.
• McCrae, R. R. (2002). NEO-PPI data from 36 cultures: Further intercultural comparisons. In R.R. McCrae & J. Allik (Eds.), The five factor model of personality across cultures (pp. 105-125). New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
• McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1997). Personality trait structure as a human universal. American Psychologist, 52, 509–516.
• Nathanson, D. L. (1992). Shame and pride: affect, sex, and the birth of the self (1st ed.). New York, NY: Norton.
• Niedenthal, P. M., Tangney, J. P., & Gavanski, I. (1994). “If only I weren’t” versus “If only I hadn’t”: Distinguishing shame and guilt in counterfactual thinking. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 585–595.
• O’Connor, L. E., Berry, J. W., & Weiss, J. (1999). Interpersonal guilt, shame, and psychological problems. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18, 181–203.
• Oyserman, D., Coon, H.M., & Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128 (1), 3-72.
• Penley, J.A., & Tomaka, J. (2002). Associations among the Big Five, emotional responses, and coping with acute stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 1215-1228.
• Roberts, B. W., & DelVecchio, W. F. (2000). The rank-order consistency of personality traits from childhood to old age: A quantitative review of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 3–25.
• Robins, R. W., John, O. P., & Caspi, A. (1998). The typological approach to studying personality development. In R. B. Cairns, L. Bergman, & J. Kagan (Eds.), Method and models for studying the individual (pp. 135–160). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global selfesteem: Construct validation of a single item measure and the Rosenberg Self- Esteem scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151–161.
• Sava?r. I., & ?ahin. N. H. (1997). Bili?sel-davran?ç terapilerde de?erlendirme: Sk kullanlan ölçekler. [The evaluation of cognitive-behavioral therapy: The scales used frequently]. Ankara: TPD Yaynlar.
• Sayar, K. (2003). Kültürel bak? açsndan benlik ve ki?ilik. [Self and personality from cultural view]. Yeni Symposium, 41(2), 78-85.
• Smith, B. D., Hanges, J., & Dickson, M.W. (2001). Personnel selection and Five-Factor Model: Reexamining the effects of applicant's frame of reference. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86 (2), 304-315.
• Smith, C. A., & Lazarus, R. S. (1993). Appraisal components, core relational themes, and the emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 7, 233-269.
• Schore, A. N. (1998). Early shame experiences and infant brain development. In P. Gilbert & B. Andrews (eds.), Shame: Interpersonal behavior, psychopathology, and culture (pp. 57-77). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
• Tangney, J. P. (1991). Moral affect: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 598– 607.
• Tangney, J. P. (1995). Shame and guilt in interpersonal relationships. In J. P. Tangney, & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), Self-conscious emotions: Shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp. 114–139). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• Tangney, J. P., Burgraff, S. A., & Wagner, P. E. (1995). Shame-proneness, guiltproneness, and psychological symptoms. In J. P. Tangney, & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), The self-conscious emotions (pp.343–367). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• Tangney, J. P., & Dearing, R. L. (2002). Shame and guilt. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• Tangney, J. P., Miller, R. S., Flicker, L., & Barlow, D. H. (1996). Are shame, guilt, and embarrassment distinct emotions? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 6, 1256-1269.
• Tangney, J. P., Wagner, P. E., Fletcher, C., & Gramzow, R. (1992). Shamed into anger? The relation of shame and guilt to anger and self-reported aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 669–675.
• Taylor, G. (1985). Pride, shame and guilt. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Triandis, H. C. (1994). Recherches récentes sur l’individualisme et le collectivisme [Recent research on individualism and collectivism]. Les Cahiers Internationaux de Psychologie Sociale, 23, 14-27.
• Tong, E. M., Bishop, G. D., Enkelmann, H. C., Why, Y. P., Diong, S. M., Ang, J., & Khader, M. (2006). The role of the Big Five in appraisals. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 513–523.
• Woien, S. L., Ernst, H. A. H., Patock-Peckham, C., & Nagoshi, C. T. (2003). Validation of the TOSCA to measure shame and guilt. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 313-326.
• Zhong, J., Li, B., & Qian, M. (2002). Esteem in the personality, shame and mental health model: Its direct and moderating effects (in Chinese). Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 10, 241–245.