Türkiye'de Üretilen Ppr Aşısının Bagışıklık Süresinin Tespiti

Bu çalışma, Türkiye' de ilk defa üretimi gerçek- leştirilen PPR aşısı ile yapılan aşılamadan sonra koyun ve keçilerde bağışıklığın süresi hakkında yeterli verilerin sağlanması amacıyla gerçekleşti- rildi. Etlik Merkez Veteriner Kontrol ve Araştırma Enstitüsü' nde (EMVKAE) üretilen attenüe PPR aşısının ilk dört serisi (PPR 0277-1, PPR 0277-2, PPR 0277-3, PPR 0277-4) ile koyun ve keçi sürü- lerinde dört farklı grupta deneysel ve saha çalış- ması yapıldı. Aşılanan hayvanlarda bağışıklık seviyesi Virus Nötralizasyon Test (VNT) ve PPR C-ELISA ile gözlendi. Birinci deneysel çalışma grubunda; deneme ahırlarındaki aşılı 22 koyun ve keçide (11 adet koyun ve 11 adet keçi ) ilk üç seri PPR aşısı ile (PPR 0277 -1, PPR 0277-2, PPR 0277-3 ) aşılama sonrası bağışıklık tespiti için çalışıldı. Aşı sonrası seroprevalans her iki türde de %100 bulundu. 2. yılın sonunda aşılı hayvanların hepsinde koruyucu düzeyde (>1:100) antikor titresi tespit edildi. İkinci saha deneysel çalışma grubunda; Burdur'da aşılama öncesi PPRV antikorları yönünden seronegatif olan sürüde, 46 adet koyun ve 47 adet keçi ile çalışıldı. Aşılamadan bir yıl sonra her iki türde de aşılı hayvanlar %100 seropozitif bulundu. I. ve II. grupta oluşabilecek bir PPR enfeksiyonun tespiti amacıyla bırakılan aşısız kontrol gruplar ise çalışma süresince seronegatif olarak saptandı. ,İlk 3 seri PPR aşısının kullanıldığı Antalya, Manisa ve Mardin de 972 adet koyun ve keçinin örneklendiği saha çalışması yapıldı. Aşılamadan bir yıl sonra aşılı olduğu bildirilen toplam 742 hayvanın %78'i PPR seropozitif bulundu. Farklı 3 seri ile aşılanan sürülerdeki seropozitiflik oranı ise sırasıyla; PPR 0277-01 serisinde %70, PPR 0277-2 serisinde %75, PPR 0277-3 serisinde %95 olarak tespit edildi. Sahada bulaşmadan şüpheli hayvanlara da aşı uygulandığı ve bu sürülerde ki bağışıklık oranının sirayete maruz hayvanlardan daha düşük olduğu tespit edildi. Deneme ahırlarında ki aşılı gebe keçilerden doğan 16 oğlakta meternal bağışıklık süresi 4-7 ay arasında tespit edilmekle birlikte 16 oğlaktan 13 adetinde maternal bağışıklık süresi 4-5 ay arasında tespit edildi. İlk doğdukları günlerdeki yüksek seviyedeki antikor titreleri ikinci ayın sonunda daha düşük seviyelere indi. Aşısız kontrol analardan doğan oğlaklar ise çalışma süresinde seronegatif bulundu. Bu çalışmada PPR aşılama sonraı bağışıklık süresinin her iki türde de 2 yıldan daha uzun olduğu tespit edildi. Maternal bağılıkşık süresinin ise 4-5 ay sonra yapılmasının uygun olduğu ve sürü dinamiği ve sahada bulaşmadan şüpheli hayvanların da aşılanmış olabilceği göz önünde bulundurularak yıllık tekrar yapılmasının sürü bağışıklığı açısından gerekli olduğu sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

PPRV, Vaccine, İmmunitiy, PPR, Bağışıklık, Nigar TATAR, Özden KABAKLI, 2006, Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi

Detection the duration of immunity by PPR vaccine produced in Turkey

This study was conducted to obtain enough data on immunity period of PPR vaccine which was produced in Turkey for the first time in sheep and goats. Experimental and field studies· were conducted in four different groups of sheep and goat herds with the first four series (PPR 0277-1 , PPR 0277-2, PPR 0277-3, PPR 0277-4) ofhomologous attenuated PPR vaccine produced in Etlik Central Veterinary Control and Research Im;titute. Immunity levels of vaccinated animals were determined by Virus Neutralisation Test and by PPR C-ELISA. In the first experimental study group; immunity levels of 22 sheep and go ats (ll sheep and ll goats) were studied which were vaccinated with the first three series (PPR 0277-1, PPR 0277-2, PPR 0277-3) of PPR vaccine at the experimental animal un it of the Institute. Postvaccination sero- prevalance was found a~ 1 00% in both species. Protective antibody titers (> : 10) were determined in all vaccinated animals at the end of the second year. determined that animals which were suspected of being infected were also vaccinated and within these herds immunity levels were lower compared to those of Although matemal immunity period of 16 kids bom from vacinated goats in experimentalanimal units were found between 4-7 months, the maternal imrnunity period of 13 of these 16 goats were found between 4-5 months. High antibody titres detected in the firs! few days following birth were decreased at the en d of the second month. The kids which were bom from unvaccinated control goats were found as seronegative throughout the study. In this study, the immunity period following PPR vaccine was found as longer than two years in both species.

Keywords:

PPRV, vaccine, immunity,

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