Sığır Vebası Hastalığının Histolojik İmmunoperoksidaz Yöntemle Tanısı Üzerine Çalışmalar

Bu çalışmada 1991 yılında ülkemizde ortaya çıkan sığır vebası salgınında, hastalığa yakalanan hayvanların dil, dudak mukozası ve tonsilleri histolojik ve immunoperoksidaz boyama yöntemleri ile incelendi ve elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildi. Çalışmada toplam 602 hayvana ait materyaller %10'Iuk nötral formalinde tesbit edilmiş ve parafin bloklara alınmıştır. Parafın bloklardan, bilinen yöntemlerle hazırlanan 5-8 mikron kalınlığındaki kesitler Hematoksilen-Eozin (HE) tekniğine göre boyanarak mikroskopta incelenmiştir. İncelenen dil ve dudak mukozalarında hafif nekroz odaklarından erozyon ve ülserlere kadar değişen bulguların yanında sığır vebası için tanıtıcı nitelikte olan sinsityal hücre formasyonu ve intrasitoplazmik inklüzyon cisimcikleri tesbit edilmiştir. Tonsillerde ise epitel ve lenfoid doku nekrozu ile birlikte görülen sinsityal hücreler ve epitel hücrelerinde intrasitoplazmik inklüzyon cisimciklerine rastlanmıştır. 602 olgunun içinden bu bulguları gösteren 543 olguda sığır vebası tanısı konmuştur. Dil, dudak mukozası ve tonsillerin birlikte bulunduğu 61 tanesi histopatolojik olarak müsbet, 9 tanesi de şüpheli bulunan 70 olgudan alınan dokular; %10 'luk nötral formalinde tespit edilip, parafinde bloklanmış ve bilinen yöntemlerle 5-8 mikron kalınlığında kesilmiş olan doku örnekleri Streptavidin-biotin immunoperoksidaz tekniğine göre boyanmıştır. Histopatolojik olarak sığır vebası teşhis edilen 61 olguda viral antijen tespit edilirken, şüpheli bulunan 9 olguda ise viral antijene rastlanılmamıştır. Sığır vebası viral antijeni dil ve dudak mukozasındaki epitel hücrelerinden hem sitoplazmada hem de çekirdek içinde belirgin olarak görülmüştür. Tonsillerde ise kript epitel hücreleri ve lenfoid dokudaki lenfosit, makrofaj ve retiku1um hücrelerinin hem sitoplazmalarmda hem de çekirdekleri içinde lokalize olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sığır, Sığır Vebası, Histolojik İmmunoperoksidaz, Emine AKSOY, i. Ayhan ÖZKUL, 1997, Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, immunoperoksidaz, histopatoloji

Studies on the diagnosis of rinderpest with histologic and immunoperoxidase method

In this study, the tongues, lips and tonsils of the animals that came down with rinderpest disease in the outbreak that occured in Turkey in 1991, were examined with histologic and immunoperoxidase staining techniques and the fındings obtained were evaluated. In the study the materials belonging to 602 animals were fıxed in %10 neutral formalin and were taken to paraffın bloks. The 5-8 micron thick sections which have been prepared from the paraffin blocks according to the known methods were stained in accordance with Haematoxylin-Eosin (H. E) technique and were examined under the light microscope. The findings varying from mild necrotic foci to ulcers and erosions were determined on the tongue and the mucosae of lips, as well as the syncytial cell fonmations and intracytoplasmic inclusions which were pathognomonic for the Rinderpest. The necrosis of the epithelial and lenfoid tissues, syncytial cells and intracytoplasmic inclusions were observed on the tonsils. Rinderpest were seen in 543 of the 602 animals. In 70 cases, where the tongue, Jip mucosac and tonsils were together, 61 of them were found to be positive histopathologically and 9 of them were doubful. In these cases the tissues that were taken were fıxed in 10% neutral formalin, were blocked in paraffin and 5-8 micron thick sections were made with known methods and the tissue specimens were stained according to the Streptavidinbiotin immunoperoxidase technique. In the 61 cases in which the rinderpest was diagnosed histopathologically the viral antigen was determined while in 9 doubtful cases the viral antigen was not observed. The rinderpest antigen was seen prominently in the epithelial cells of tongue and Jip mucosae both in the cytop1asm and in the nucleus. In the tonsils, the antigen was determined to be localized both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of lymphocyte, macrophage and reticulum cells of lymphoid tissues and crypt epithelial cells of tonsils.

Keywords:

Rinderpest, Rinderpest, histopathology, diagnosis., diagnosis,

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