Kireç ile stabilize edilmiş bir zeminin hidrolik geçirgenliğinin arazi boyutlarında belirlenmesi

Bu çalışma kapsamında, kireç ile stabilize edilmiş zeminlerin deponi sahalarında kaplama imalatında kullanılabilirliğini incelemek üzere, laboratuvarda ve arazide hidrolik geçirgenlik deneyleri yapılmıştır. Arazide saf ve kireç ilave edilmiş zemin kullanılarak özel bir kaplama imal edilmiştir. Kireç ilavesi ile artan boşluk oranının azaltılması amacıyla kaplamanın imalatında iki farklı sıkıştırma enerjisi kullanılmıştır. Arazi infıltrasyon deneyleri Kapalı Çift Halkalı İnfıltrometre Aletleri ile yapılmıştır. Deney sonuçları, kireç ilavesinin arazi hidrolik geçirgenlik değerlerini artırdığını ve sıkıştırma enerjisinin hidrolik geçirgenlik değerini etkileyen tek parametre olmadığım göstermiştir. Çalışma kapsamında yapılan deneyler hidrolik geçirgenliğin belirlenmesinde numune boyutunun önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Assessment of hydraulic conductivity of a lime stabilized soil in field scales

The context of this study is utilization of lime stabilized materials in liner construction and therefore includes hydraulic conductivity testing in the laboratory and on a liner specially constructed. Three different soil compositions; including pure and lime stabilized soils were compacted with two different compaction energies in order to eliminate the adverse effects of increased void ratios due to flocculation by lime addition. Sealed Double Ring Infiltrometers were used for field hydraulic conductivity testing. Experiments revealed that lime increased hydraulic conductivity values and percent compaction was a poor indicator of hydraulic conductivity. This study revealed the importance of specimen size on hydraulic conductivity assessment.

___

  • [1] Townsend, D.L. ve T. W. Klym, “Durability of lime stabilized soils”, Highway Research Board, No. 139, Washington, D.C., pp. 25-41, 1966.
  • [2] Ranganathan, B. V.,“Soil structure and consolidation characteristics of black cotton clay”, Geotechnique, Vol. II, pp. 331, 1961.
  • [3] Stocker, P. T. “Diffusion and Diffuse Cementation in Lime and Cement Stabilized Clayey Soils”, Special Report No. 8, Australian Road Research Board, Vermont South, Victoria, Australia., 1972.
  • [4] Locat, J.,H Tremblay , S Leroueil, “Mechanical and hydraulic behavior of a soft inorganic clay treated with lime”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 33, pp. 654-669, 1996.
  • [5] El-Rawi, M. N. ve A. A. Awad, “Permeability of lime stabilized soils”, Journal of the Transportation Engineering Division, Vol. 107(TEl), pp. 25-35, 1981.
  • [6] Broderick, G. P. ve D. E. Daniel, “Stabilizing compacted clay against chemical attack”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE 116(10), pp. 1549-1567, 1990.
  • [7] Bowders, J. J. ve M. A. Usmen, “Earth Material Liners for Waste Disposal Facilities”, Bildiri Kitabı, 3rd Symposium on Environmental Management for Developing Countries, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, 1986, İstanbul, Türkiye, Vol. 1, pp. 1-27.
  • [8] Daniel, D. E., “Predicting hydraulic conductivity of clay liners”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 110, No. 2, pp. 285-300, 1984.
  • [9] Day, S. R. ve D. E. Daniel, “Hydraulic conductivity of two prototype clay liners”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 111, No. 8, pp. 957-970, 1985.
  • [10] Trautwein, S. J. ve G. P. Boutwell, “In Situ Hydraulic Conductivity Tests for Compacted Soil Liners and Caps”, Daniel D.E. ve S. Trautwein (Eds.), Hydraulic Conductivity and Waste Contaminant Transport in Soil, ASTM STP 1142, Philadeplhia, pp. 184-226, 1994.
  • [11] Williams, C. E., “Facts About the Design and Construction of Earthen Containment Structures”, ASCE Güz Toplantısı, Texas, Austin, College Station, TX, 1988.
  • [12] Trautwein, S. J. ve C. E. Williams, “Performance evaluation of earthen liners”, Waste Containment Systems, Geotechnical Special Publication, No. 26, ASCE, pp. 30-49, 1990.
  • [13] Benson, C. H., H. Zhai, H. ve X. Wang, “Estimating hydraulic conductivity of compacted clay liners”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE 120(2), pp. 366-387, 1994.
  • [14] Lahti, L. R., K. S. King, D. W. Reades,. ve A Bacopuolos, “Quality Assurance Monitoring of a Large Clay Liner”, R.D. Woods (Eds.), Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal’87, GSP No. 13, ASCE, pp.640-655, 1987.
  • [15] ASTM, “American Society of Testing Materials”, Philadephia,
  • [17] Little, D. N. “Handbook for Stabilization of Pavement Subgrades and Base Courses with Lime”, Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Iowa, 1995.
  • [17] Eades, J. L. Ve R. E. Grim, “A quick test to determine lime requirements for lime stabilization”, Highway Research Record, No. 139, pp. 61-72, 1966.
  • [18] Bozbey, I., “Effect of Lime and Compaction Effort on Hydraulic Conductivity of Clay Liners in Laboratory and in Situ Scales”. Doktora Tezi, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İngilizce, İstanbul, 2002.
  • [19] Benson, C. H., D. E. Daniel ve G. Boutwell, “Field performance of compacted clay liners,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 125, No. 5., 1999.