Nohut Antraknozu (Ascochyta rabiei)’nun Entegre Hastalık Yönetimi

Ülkemizde nohut ekim alanlarında önemli kayıplara yol açan nohut antraknozu [Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.] hastalığı, koşulların uygun gittiği mevsimlerde % 100'e varan ürün kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Ülkemizde bu hastalığa karşı bazı fungisitler sadece tohum ilaçlaması olarak önerilmekte olup, üreticiler tohum ilaçlamasına çok önem vermemekte ve hastalık ile ilgili etkin bir mücadele yapılamamaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra hastalık ile mücadelede kullanılan çeşit büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada dayanıklı ve duyarlı olan Koçbaşı (duyarlı) ve Sarı 98 (toleranslı) nohut çeşitleri kullanılarak Mancozeb, Thiram ve Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin etken maddeli ilaçlarla farklı ilaçlama programının (tohum, yeşil aksam, tohum + yeşil aksam uygulamaları) Ascochyta rabiei'ya etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Sarı 98 çeşidi üzerinde en uygun ilaçlama uygulamasının % 27.4 hastalık şiddeti ile tohum + yeşil aksam ilaç uygulaması olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En etkili fungisitin ise, Sarı 98 nohut çeşidinde % 21.8 hastalık şiddeti ile Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aynı uygulamada, Koçbaşı nohut çeşidinde hastalık şiddeti % 36.3 olarak belirlenmiştir. İlaç uygulamalarının ve fungisitlerin aynı anda değerlendirilmesi sonucu, Sarı 98 çeşitinde, Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin etken maddeli fungisitin, hem tohumdan hem de yeşil aksamdan uygulanması neticesinde hastalık şiddeti % 12.6 seviyesine indirdiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Koçbaşı, Sarı 98, Fungisit Yönetimi, Tohum İlaçlama, Yeşil Aksam İlaçlama

Integrated Disease Management of Ascochyta Blight (Ascochyta rabiei) in Chickpea

The chickpea anthracnose [Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.] causes a significant loss in the chickpea growing areas in our country, with 100% loss of crops, if the disease conditions are appropriate in the season. In our country, some fungicides against this disease are only recommended as seed fungicides, but the farmers do not pay much attention to seed treatment and effective control is not possible against disease. In addition, the use of sensitive or tolerant chickpeas is of great importance in the control of the disease. In this study, the effects of different application managements (seed, foliar, seed + foliar application) with Mancozeb, Thiram and Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin fungicides against Ascochyta rabiei were investigated using Koçbaşı (sensitive) and Sarı 98 (tolerance) chickpea varieties. As a result of the study, the most effective application of the seed + foliar on the Sarı 98 chickpea cultivar was detected with 27.4% disease severity. The most effective fungicide in Sarı 98 chickpea cultivars was Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin with 21.8% disease severity. In the same application, the severity of the disease in Koçbaşı cultivar was determined as 36.3%. In the evaluation of fungicide application management and fungicides at the same time, it was determined that Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin active ingredient fungicide was reduced to 12.6% as a result of both the seed + foliar application.

Keywords:

Fungicide Management, Koçbaşı, Sarı 98, Fungicide Seed Treatment, Foliar Fungicide,

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