Ketojenik Diyetlerin Obezite Tedavisindeki Etkinliği

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'ne (WHO) göre, 1975'ten beri dünya çapında obezite prevalansı üç katına çıkmış ve epidemik ölçeğe ulaşmıştır. Obezitenin önlenmesi ve tedavisi; yeme alışkanlıkları, fiziksel aktivite ve davranış terapisini içeren yaşam tarzı değişikliklerine dayanmaktadır. Beslenme stratejileri olarak çeşitli diyet kalıpları kullanılmıştır ve son yıllarda da epilepsi için yardımcı bir tedavi olan ketojenik diyetlere ilgi gösterilmiştir. Ketojenik diyetlerde karbonhidrat oranı düşük tutularak beynin başlıca enerji kaynağı olan glikoz kullanımı yerine keton cisimcikleri kullanılmakta ve çeşitli mekanizmalar aracılığı ile iştah hormonları, mikrobiyota, vücut ağırlığı kaybı üzerinde etki göstermektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, ketojenik diyetlerin iştah hormonları, mikrobiyota üzerindeki çeşitli mekanizmaları inceleyerek vücut ağırlığı kaybı ve yönetiminin sağlanmasına ilişkin güncel literatür bilgilerini incelemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ketojenik diyetler, Obezite, İştah mekanizması, Ketozis

Effectiveness of Ketojenik Diets in Obesity Treatment

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the worldwide prevalence of obesity has tripled since 1975 and has reached epidemic proportions. Prevention and treatment of obesity is based on lifestyle changes that include eating habits, physical activity, and behavioral therapy. Various dietary patterns have been used as nutritional strategies, and in recent years there has been interest in ketogenic diets as an adjunctive treatment for epilepsy. Ketone bodies are used instead of glucose, which is the main energy source of the brain, by keeping the carbohydrate rate low in ketogenic diets, and it affects appetite hormones, microbiota, and body weight loss through various mechanisms. The aim of this review is to examine the current literature information on body weight loss and management by examining various mechanisms on appetite hormones and microbiota of ketogenic diets.

Keywords:

Ketogenic diets, Obesity, Appetite mechanism, Ketosis,

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