Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocukların Oyun Davranışlarının İncelenmesi

Amaç: Oyun çocukların en temel aktivitesidir. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB), çocukların oyuna katılımını etkileyebilmektedir. Katılımı artırmak amacıyla ergoterapistler OSB’li oyunu araç olarak kullanmaktadır; ancak klinik ortamda OSB’li ççocukların oyun davranışlarını inceleyen çalışma sayısı çok azdır. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda OSB’li çocukların klinik ortamda oyun davranışlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 4-6 yaş arası, OSB’li 36 çocuk ve tipik gelişim gösteren 30 çocuk dahil edildi. Serbest oyun sırasında, tek seferlik, 15 dakikalık video kayıtları Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Ergoterapi Bölümü Duyu Bütünleme Ünitesi içerisinde alındı. Video kayıtları zaman serileri analizi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular yüzdelik şekilde verildi. Sonuçlar: OSB’li çocukların oyun davranışları ise çoğunlukla oyun olmayan davranışlar şeklinde idi. Tartışma: Klinik ortamda ergoterapistlerin OSB’li çocukların oyun davranışlarını analiz etmesi ve analiz sonucuna göre müdahale oluşturması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

okul öncesi, çocuk, engelli çocuklar, otistik bozukluk, duyu bozuklukları, oyun ve oyuncaklar, seçme davranışı, videoteyp kaydı, ergoterapi

The Investigation of the Play Behavior of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Purpose: Play is a primary occupation of children. Participation of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is affected by ASD. Occupational therapists use the play as a means to increase participation; however, studies examining the play behaviors of children with ASD in the clinical setting is limited. Therefore, it is aimed to investigation of play behaviors of children with ASD. Material and Methods: 4- to 6-year-old thirty-six children with ASD and thirty children with typical development were included to the study. One time, 15 minutes of videotape recording were taken during free play at Hacettepe University Department of Occupational Therapy Sensory Integration Unit. Play behavior was evaluated by time interval analyses. The findings were given in percentages. Results: Play behavior of children with ASD was non-play behavior. Discussion: In clinical settings, it is recommended that occupational therapists analyze the play behaviors of children with ASD and intervene according to the results of the analysis.

Keywords:

preschool, child, disabled child, autistic child, sensation disorders, play and playthings, choice behavior, videotape recording, occupational therapy,

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