Yumurtacı Bıldırcınlarda Oluşturulan Isı Stresinde Krom ve Çinkonun Bazı Kan Parametrelerine Etkileri*

Bu çalışmada, ısı stresi oluşturulan yumurtacı bıldırcınların rasyonuna krom (Cr+3) ve çinkonun (Zn+2) ayrı ayrı ve birlikte ilavesinin canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi, yumurta verimi ile kan glikoz, lipid ve malondialdehit (MDA) düzeylerine etkisi belirlenmiştir. Sekiz haftalık 240 adet Japon bıldırcını, her birinde 48’er hayvan bulunan beş deneme grubuna ayrılmıştır. Birinci (termonötral) ve ikinci (ısı stresi) gruplar kontrol olarak tutulmuş ve bazal rasyonla; deneme grupları 20 mg/kg Cr, 40 mg/kg Zn, 20 mg/kg Cr + 40 mg/kg Zn ilaveli bazal rasyonlarla sekiz hafta beslenmiştir. Denemenin 5. ve 8. haftalarında, hayvanlardan alınan kan örneklerinde serum glikoz, trigliserit, total kolesterol, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL) ve plazma MDA analizleri yapılmıştır. Isı stresinin canlı ağırlık ve yem tüketimini önemli, yumurta verimini ise önemsiz düzeyde azalttığı; yeme Cr, Zn veya Cr + Zn ilavesinin canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi ve yumurta verimini olumlu yönde etkilemediği gözlenmiştir. Isı stresinin serum glikoz düzeyini hafifçe arttırdığı ve bu artışın da yeme Cr ilavesiyle azaldığı saptanmıştır. Isı stresi serum trigliserit düzeyini azaltırken total kolesterol düzeyini artırmış; yeme Cr ve Cr + Zn ilavesiyle trigliserit ve total kolesterolün azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein düzeyi ısı stresinden etkilenmezken Cr ilavesiyle artmıştır. Isı stresinin etkisiyle plazma MDA düzeyinde gözlenen artma yeme Cr, Zn ya da her ikisinin birlikte ilavesiyle azalmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ısı stresinin yumurtacı bıldırcınlarda canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi ve yumurta verimini olumsuz etkilediği, serum parametrelerinde değişikliklere yol açtığı ve plazma MDA düzeyini artırdığı; yeme Cr ve Zn ilavesinin, ısı stresi oluşturulan bıldırcınlarda azalan yem tüketimi, canlı ağırlık ve yumurta verimini olumlu yönde etkilemediği, Cr’un serum glikoz, trigliserit ve total kolesterol düzeylerindeki değişimleri düzeltebileceği ve özellikle plazma MDA düzeyini olumlu yönde etkileyebileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çinko, ısı stresi, kan parametreleri, krom

Effects of Chromium and Zinc on Blood Parameters in Laying Quails Exposed to Heat Stress

This study was performed to investigate the effects of separate and combined dietary supplementation of chromium (Cr+3) and zinc (Zn+2) on live weight, food consumption, egg production, blood glucose, lipids and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of laying quails exposed to heat stress. Eight week-old 240 Japanese quails were assigned into five groups containing 48 birds in each. First (thermoneutral) and second (heat stress) groups were kept as controls and were fed on basal diets and the treatment groups were fed on basal diets supplemented with 20 mg/kg Cr, 40 mg/kg Zn, 20 mg/kg Cr + 40 mg/kg Zn for eight weeks. At 5th and 8th weeks, blood samples collected from the quails were analysed for serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoproteins (HDL) and plasma MDA. Heat stress resulted in significant reductions in live weight and food consumption and a slight reduction in egg production, and supplementation of Cr, Zn and Cr + Zn had no significant effects on live weight, food consumption and egg production. The slightly increased glucose level due to heat stress was decreased by Cr supplementation. Heat stress decreased serum triglycerides and increased cholesterol, and these parameters were reduced by Cr and Cr + Zn supplementation. Heat stress had no effect on HDL level but Cr increased the HDL. Supplementation of Cr, Zn and their combination decreased the elevated MDA levels. In conclusion, heat stress adversely affected live weight, food consumption and egg production, changed serum parameters and increased plasma MDA; supplementation of Cr and Zn to the diets had no positive effects on decreased live weight, food consumption and egg production while Cr may improve the changes in serum glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol as well as plasma MDA in quails exposed to heat stress.

Keywords:

Blood parameters, chromium, heat stress, zinc,

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