Abdullah INCI, Alparslan YILDIRIM, Onder DUZLU

Gebe Kısrak ve Develerde Tırtıl-Kaynaklı Abortlar

Tırtıllar Lepidoptera dizisinde yer alan kelebeklerin larval formlarıdır. Bazı türlerin tırtılları insektlerle beslenirkençoğunluğu herbivordur. Doymak nedir bilmeyen tırtıllar, esasen tarım haşereleri olup meyvelere ve diğer tarımsalürünlere zarar verirler. Buna ilaveten bazı gece kelebekleri (güveler) ve onların larval dönemleri, davranış özellikleridolayısıyla medikal ve veteriner öneme sahiptirler. Lepidoptera dizisindeki gece kelebeklerinin bir bölümü direkt olarakhayvan ve insanların vücut sıvıları ve sekresyonlarıyla beslenmeye adapte olmuşlardır. Zoophilic güveler olarak daadlandırılan bu kelebek türleri hayvanların gözyaşı sekresyonları, yaralar üzerindeki kan ve deri eksudatları, burunsekresyonu, tükürük, ter ve idrar gibi vücut sıvılarıyla ve konak hayvanlardan kan emen sivrisineklerden dökülen kandamlacıklarıyla beslenirler. Ayrıca deriyi delebilme ağız yapısına sahip bazı güveler tercihen açık yaralara saldırırlar vekonak hayvanların kanlarıyla beslenirler. Beslenme süresince güveler endemik bölgelerde bazı enfeksiyonların mekanikvektörlüğünde rol oynarlar. Diğer yandan, Lepidoptera dizisinde bulunan Limacodidae, Megalopygidae ve Saturniidaeailelerindeki bazı türler insanlarda ürtiker ve güve dermatitisine sebep olurken, Lasiocampidae, Notodontidae,Thaumetopoidae ve Lymantriidae ailelerindeki kelebek tırtılları, enfeste alanlarda otlama esnasında yemlerle alınmalarısonucu gebe kısrak ve develerde yavru atmalara yol açarlar. Bu derlemede gebe kısrak ve develerde tırtıl kaynaklıabortlar hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Abort, deve, gebelik, kısrak, tırtıl-kaynaklı

Caterpillar-Borne Abortions in Pregnant Mares and Camels

The caterpillars are the larval forms of butterflies and moths in the order Lepidoptera. While some speciesare insectivorous, most of them are herbivorous. As known voracious feeders, caterpillars are pests in agriculture, anddamage to fruits and other agricultural products. In addition, moths and their larval stages have medical and veterinaryimportance because of their behaviors and noxious secretions. Some groups of moths in Lepidoptera adapted forfeeding directly on secretions and body fluids of animals and humans. These butterflies known as zoophilic moths feedon animal fluids such as lachrymal secretions, blood and skin exudates on wounds, nasal secretions, saliva,perspiration, urine and droplets of blood dripped from mosquitoes feeding on host animals. Further, some skin-piercingmoths preferentially attract to open wounds on animal hosts and suck blood. During the feeding, the moths play a roleas mechanic vectors for some infections in endemic regions. On the other hand, some urticating caterpillars in theorder Lepidoptera such as Limacodidae, Megalopygidae and Saturniidae cause urticaria and moth dermatitis in human,the majority of caterpillars within the families Lasiocampidae, Notodontidae, Thaumetopoidae, and Lymantriidae induceequine abortions in pregnant mares and also in dromedary camels due to ingestion of the larval forms during grazing inthe infested area. The caterpillar-borne abortions in pregnant mares and camels were reviewed in this article.

Keywords:

Abortion, camel, caterpillar-borne, mare, pregnancy,

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