THE ORIGINS OF CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY: FROM NUREMBERG TO ROME

İnsanlığa karşı suçların işlenmesi neredeyse insanlık tarihi kadar eskiye dayansa da, bu kategoriye giren eylemlerin uluslararası suçlar arasına dahil edilmesi Nürnberg Statüsü’ne kadar mümkün olmamıştır. İnsanlık, bilhassa Birinci ve İkinci Dünya Savaşları boyunca kan donduran vahşetlere, insan hakları ve insancıl hukuk ihlallerine şahitlik etmiştir. “Bütün savaşları bitirecek olan savaş” olarak görülen Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan kısa bir süre sonra daha büyük ölçekli bir savaşın meydana gelmesi bu iyimser kanının gerçeklikle bağdaşır bir yanının olmadığının en göze çarpan göstergelerinden biri olarak karşımızda dursa da, uluslararası toplum “Bir Daha Asla” sloganıyla, suç işleyenlerin yargılanması amacıyla harekete geçmiştir.Bu çalışmada, insanlığa karşı suçların tanımlandığı ilk uluslararası metinler, bu suç kategorisine giren eylemleri gerçekleştirenlerin yargılanması maksadıyla mahkemeler kurulmasına zemin hazırlayan Nürnberg, Tokyo, Eski Yugoslavya, Ruanda ve Roma Statüleri ile Uluslararası Hukuk Komisyonu’nun çalışmaları incelenerek insanlığa karşı suçların uluslararası hukuktaki gelişim serüveni ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.  

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