Sodyum arsenit ve krom (III) klorürün Drosophila melanogaster’ in politen kromozomlarına etkisi

Bu araştırmada sodyum arsenit (NaAsO2) ve krom (III) klorürün (CrCl3), Drosophila melanogaster’ in politen kromozomları üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Organizmaya madde uygulaması beslenme yoluyla yapılmıştır. Metal içeren besiyerinde gelişen üçüncü instar larvaların politen kromozomları incelenmiştir. Uygulanan maddelerin etkisiyle, kromozom kollarında uçtan parça kaybı, ektopik uzantılar, bazı bant bölgelerinde hairpin adı verilen saç tokası benzeri yapılar, homolog kromozomların bazı bant bölgelerinde birbirinden ayrılması (asinapsis), weak point adı verilen bölgesel daralmalar, tam veya yarı kırılmalar gibi bazı anomaliler gözlenmiştir. Her iki madde hem ayrı ayrı hem de birlikte uygulanmış ve politen kromozomlarda çok sayıda kromozomal anomaliye neden olmuştur. Kontrol grubunda % 14 olan anomali oranı, krom (III) klorür uygulanan deney grubunda % 62, sodyum arsenit uygulanan deney grubunda % 65 ve iki maddenin birlikte uygulandığı deney grubunda % 53 olarak gözlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulguların lokasyonu, politen kromozomlarda ifadesi aydınlatılmış gen bölgeleri ile ilişkilendirilerek, gelişimsel aksamanın olası nedenleri tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kromozomal Anomaliler, Drosophila, Politen Kromozom, Toksik Metaller

Effect of sodium arsenite and chromium (III) chloride on the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster

In this study the effect of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) and chromium (III) chloride (CrCl3) on Drosophila melanogaster’s polytene chromosomes has been investigated. Substance application has been performed through feeding to the organism. Polytene chromosomes of third instar larvae which developed in medium contained metal have been examined. Due to the effects of the applied substances, a number of anomalies such as segment loss from tips, ectopic extensions, hairpin-like structures on some band regions, separation of homologous chromosomes from each other at some band regions (asynapsis), regional contractions called weak point, full or half fractions on chromosome arms have been observed. Both substances have been applied separately and together, and lead to a large number of chromosomal anomalies on polytene chromosomes. The anomaly rate of 14% observed in the control group was 62% in the experimental group treated with chromium(III) choride, 65% in the experimental group treated with sodium arsenite, and 53% in the experimental group treated with both. The probable causes of the disruption of development were discussed by associating the location of findings of this research with the elucidated expression of gene regions on polythene chromosomes.

Keywords:

Chromosomal Anomalies, Drosophila, Polytene Chromosomes, Toxic Metals,

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