Hüsnü ÜNLÜ, Halime ÜNLÜ, Yaşar KARAKURT, Huseyin PADEM

pH, Azot ve Kalsiyum Konsantrasyonları Biberde (Capsicum annuum L.) Çimlenme ve Fide Büyümesini Etkiler

Çalışmada, perlit kültüründe yetiştirilen Demre 8 biber çeşidinde solusyon pH’sı ve dışsal kalsiyum (Ca) ve azot (N) uygulamalarının tohum çimlenmesi ve fide büyümesi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çimlenen biber tohum yüzdesi solusyon pH’sından önemli derecede etkilenmiş ve çimlenme % 55 (pH 3.0) ile % 90 (pH 6.5) arasında değişmiştir. Fide büyümesinin pH’ye karşı oldukça duyarlı olduğu kök ve sürgün kuru ağırlığı, kök ve sürgün uzunluğu, bitki başına yaprak sayısı, lateral kök oluşumu ve kök yüzey alanında görülen önemli azalmalarla kanıtlanmıştır. Solusyon Ca miktarının arttırılması pH’nın çimlenme ve fide büyümesi üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini ortadan kaldırmıştır. Azot uygulaması da çimlenme ve fide büyümesini arttırmada etkili olmuştur. Lateral kök oluşumu, ve sürgün ve kök kuru ağırlığı yükselen N ve Ca konsantrasyonları ile artış göstermiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, çimlenen biber tohumlarına yeterli Ca ve N sağlandığı takdirde, kuvvetli asidik topraklarda ve büyüme ortamlarında çimlenme ve fide büyümesinin önemli derecede iyileştirilebileceği ileri sürülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Büyüme, Çıkış, Fide beslenmesi, Kuru ağırlık, Tohum, Toprak pH’sı

pH, Nitrogen and Calcium Concentration Affect Germination and Seedling Growth in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

The study reports the effects of solution pH and external calcium (Ca) and nitrogen (N) applications on seed germination, and early growth of pepper cv. Demre 8 seedlings in perlite culture. The percentage of pepper seeds that germinated was significantly affected by solution pH, and ranged from 55% at pH 3.0 to 90% at pH 6.5. Seedling growth was more sensitive to pH as was evident with significant declines in root and shoot dry mass, root and shoot length, number of leaves per plant, lateral root formation and root surface area. Increasing solution Ca concentration diminished the adverse effects of low pH on germination and seedling growth. Nitrogen was also effective in enhancing the germination and seedling growth. Lateral root formation, shoot and root dry mass increased with increasing N and Ca concentrations. It is suggested that germination and early growth of pepper can be significantly improved in strongly acid soils if adequate Ca and N is made available to the germinating seed.

Keywords:

Dry mass, Emergence Growth, Seed, Seedling nutrition, Soil pH,

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