EFFIQUITY: A CONCEPTUAL APPROACH TO THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL

Etkinlik, bir toplumun yaşam standartlarının yükseltilmesini sağlar. Eşitlik, zenginlikten pay alma olanakları ve yetkinlikleri olmayanların refahını artırır. Eşitlik, sosyal içerme ve sosyal kaynaşmayı güçlendirir. Etkinlik ve eşitlik birçok ekonomist ve politika oluşturucuları tarafından birbirine karşıt olarak ele alındığından, takasa konu olmaktadır.Bu çalışmanın hipotezi; etkinlik ve eşitlik arasında bir takasa yönelmeden, ‘effiquity’nin, yani eşitlikçi etkinliğin sosyal Avrupa için en iyi yaklaşım olduğudur. Makalenin amacı; AB’ndeki çeşitli sosyal modellerin gösterilmesi ve en etkin ve en eşitlikçi model olan Nordik modelin Avrupa Sosyal Modeli olarak öne çıkarılmasıdır. Çalışma yöntemi normatif ve karşılaştırmalıdır Giriş kısmından sonra toplumsal model çeşitleri özetlenecektir. Bu bölümde sosyal model tipolojileri ve temel değerleri ele alınacaktır. Bir sonraki bölümde ekonomik etkinlik ve sosyal eşitlik arasındaki takasın gerekçeleri tartışılacaktır. Bunu takiben, sosyal model analizinde eşitlikçi etkinlik (effiquity) kavramı ve değişkenleri yer alacaktır. AB15 ve Türkiye’de eşitlikçi etkinlik pozisyonu, ampirik verilere dayanarak belirlenecektir. Sonuç kısmında, Nordik modelin Sosyal Avrupa için en iyi model olduğu belirtilecek ve Türkiye’nin sosyal boyutlarını yükseltecek bazı önerilerde bulunulacaktır.

EŞİTLİKÇİ ETKİNLİK- ‘EFFIQUITY’: AVRUPA SOSYAL MODELİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR YAKLAŞIM

Efficiency increases and guarantees the living standards of a society. Equity increases the well-being of people who do not have the opportunities and capacities to obtain a share from the wealth. Equity enhances social inclusion and social cohesion. Efficiency and equity are regarded as contrary topics by a number of economists and policy makers, and therefore a tradeoff between them is brought forward.My arguement in this paper depends on a normative assumption that, with no focus on a tradeoff between efficiency and equity, ‘effiquity’ best serves for the social Europe.The purpose of this paper is to display various social models in the EU and to highlight the most efficient and equitable model, namely the Nordic model, which can be used as the European Social Model. The method used in this article is normative and comparative.The article will proceed as follows: after the introduction part; varieties of societal models will be summarized. In this section, the core values and typologies of social models will be described. Then, the grounds for the trade-off between economic efficiency and social equity will be discussed. The concept of ‘effiquity’ and its variables in analyzing a social model will take part in the fourth section. A numerical analysis of the effiquity position in the EU15 and Turkey, which is based on the empirical data, will follow the conceptual framework of effiquity. The conclusion part will sum up the discussion and propose the Nordic model best for the social Europe, and make some suggestions for Turkey to promote its social dimensions.

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