Banka Sermaye Kanalı Mevcudiyeti: Türk BAnkacılık Sektörü İçin Bir Analiz
Geleneksel para teorisi büyük ölçüde banka sermayesinin önemini göz ardı etmiştir. 'Banka Kredi Kanalı' tezi, para politikası faaliyetlerinin banka rezervlerini değiştirerek banka kredi arz miktarına etki edebileceğini ifade etmektedir. Fakat fınansal alanda yapılan devlet regülâsyonları, banka sermayesi üzerindeki fınansal düzenlemelerle, geleneksel para teorisi ve banka kredi kanalı arasındaki açığı kapatması açısından önemlidir. Sermaye-yeterlilik rasyosu ve ticari bankacılık grubunda bulunan bankaların kredi arzı büyüme oranının, seçilmiş makroekonomik değişkenlere (döviz kuru, faiz oranı ve kamu iç borç stoku) karşı verecekleri yanıtlar, üç kategoride (özel, kamu ticari bankalar ve yabancı ticari banka grubu) ele alınmaktadır. 1992.04-2005.03 dönemi için, yapılan bazı ampirik kanıtların ve etki-tepki fonksiyonlarının (VAR impulse-response functions) sonuçları ışığında, makale söz konusu uygulamaları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Sermaye ve kredi yapısı arasındaki bağı gösteren banka sermaye kanalı, para politikası faaliyetleri ile banka sermayesi üzerinde etkili olarak, banka kredi arzını değiştirebilir. Ancak, bu kanalın gücü, her bir kategoride bulunan bankaların sermaye yeterlilik oranlarına bağlıdır. Farklı sermaye yeterliliği rasyoları sahip olan bankaların kredi arzı değişkenlerine verilen şoklara farklı tepkiler vermektedir.
Existence of Bank Capital Channel: An Analysis for the Turkish Banking Sector
Traditional monetary theory has largely ignored the role of bank capital. The 'bank lending channel' thesis maintains that monetary policy actions can also alter the supply of bank loans by changing bank reserves. However, financial regulations on bank capital along with other interventions should be considered to fill the gap between traditional monetary theory and bank lending channel. Therefore, the paper analyzes the different responses of the capital-asset ratio and growth rate of loan of banks, classified in three categories, in the commercial banking group to selected macroeconomic variables such as exchange, interest, and public sector domestic debt stock. Based on the some empirical evidences and the results of the impulse response function, for 1992.04-2005.03, the paper has several implications. First, bank capital channel that explains a link between capital and loans structure is that monetary policy actions can affect the supply of bank loans through their impact on bank capital. Second, the strength of this channel depends on the capital adequacy ratio of banks in each category. In particular, lending by banks with different level of capital adequacy ratios will have different reactions to shocks to the variables.
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- ISSN: 1300-1868
- Yayın Aralığı: 3
- Yayıncı: Ekonomik Yaklaşım Derneği