Ipek CIMEN BULUT

39751

Avrupa Birliği Hukuku Kapsamında Yasal Göç Yönetimi

Avrupa Birliği’ne yönelen kitlesel göç hareketlerinin yoğunluk ve sıklığı geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de artarak devam etmektedir. Göç olgusunun pek çok tehdit ve fırsatı beraberinde getirdiği düşünüldüğünde, bu tehditlerle başa çıkarak fırsatlardan yararlanabilmek adına Birlik tarafından ortak göç politikaları üretilmesi ve uygulanması önemlidir. Bu noktada düzensiz göç ile kıyaslandığında daha kontrol edilebilir bir süreç olan düzenli göç yönetiminin önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Düzenli göçe ilişkin olarak yapılacak yasal düzenleme ve güncellemeler vasıtası ile düzenli göç uygulamalarının daha sade, adil, kolay anlaşılır ve şeffaf olmaları, böylelikle Avrupa Birliği’nin ekonomik ve sosyal gelişimi ile rekabet edebilirliğini güçlendirmek amacıyla ihtiyaç duyduğu nitelik ve nicelikteki üçüncü ülke çalışanları için bir çekim noktası haline gelme hedefine daha kolay ulaşması amaçlanmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Avrupa Birliği Hukuku, Ortak Göç Politikası, Düzenli Göç, Düzensiz Göç, Yasadışı göç, mavi kart, yetenek havuzu

Legal Migration Management within the Scope of European Union Law

The intensity and frequency of mass migration movements toward the European Union continue to increase today as it was in the past. Considering that the phenomenon of migration brings with it many threats and opportunities, it is important to put forth and implement common migration policies by the Union in order to cope with these threats and take advantage of them. At this point, the importance of regular migration management, which is a more controllable process compared to irregular migration, emerges. It is aimed to achieve the target of becoming an attraction point for third-country employees with the quality and quantity needed by the Union, in order to strengthen the economic and social development and competitiveness of the European Union by making regular migration practices simpler, fairer, easier to understand and transparent through legal regulations and updates to be made.
Keywords:

European Union Law, common migration policy, regular migration, legal migration, irregular migration, blue card, talent pool,

PDF

___

  • Avrupa Birliği Temel Haklar Ajansı (2014). “Sığınma, Sınırlar ve Göç ile İlgili Avrupa Hukuku El Kitabı”, Avrupa Birliği Resmi Yayınlar Ofisi: Lüksemburg. ISBN: 978-92-871-9920. https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/handbook-law-asylum-migration-borders-1_tr.pdf (Son Erişim Tarihi: 12.12.2021).
  • Aykaç, M. ve Yertüm, U. (2016). Avrupa Birliği Göç Politikalarının Gelişimi: Misafir İşçi Kabulünden Sığınmacı Akınına, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, (70), 1-29.
  • Bayraktaroğlu Özçelik, G. (2010). Lizbon Antlaşması sonrası Avrupa Birliği: serbest dolaşım ve politikalar, “Yasal göç ve üçüncü ülke vatandaşlarının entegrasyonu”, Hukuk Kitapları Dizisi: 1046, ss. 413-457, Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2010.
  • Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (2012), Official Journal of the European Union, 26.10.2012, C326, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:12012E/TXT&from=EN (Son Erişim Tarihi: 10.08.2022).
  • Council Directive 2004/114/EC of 13 December 2004 on the conditions of third-country nationals for the purposes of studies, pupil exchange, unremunerated training or voluntary service, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2004.375.01.0012.01.ENG (Son Erişim Tarihi: 4.8.2022).
  • Council Directive 2005/71/EC of 12 October 2005 on a specific procedure for admitting third-country nationals for the purposes of scientific research, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32005L0071 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 4.8.2022).
  • Council Directive 2009/50/EC of 25 May 2009 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purposes of highly qualified employment, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex%3A32009L0050 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 14.12.2021).
  • Council Directive, 2009/50/EC of 25 May 2009 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purposes of highly qualified employment, Official Journal of the European Union, 18.6.2009, L155/17, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32009L0050&qid=1638961126957 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 8.12.2021).
  • Di Salvo, Mattia, Barslund, Mikkel (2020), Migration policy scoreboard : a monitoring mechanism for EU asylum and migration policy, Policy Briefs, 2020/11, Migration Policy Centre. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/66528 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 02.10.2022).
  • Directive (EU) 2016/801 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purposes of research, studies, training, voluntary service, pupil exchange schemes or educational projects and au pairing, Official Journal of the European Union (recast), 21.5.2016, L132/21, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2016/801/oj (Son Erişim Tarihi: 4.8.2022).
  • Directive (EU) 2021/1883 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 October 2021 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purpose of highly qualified employment, and repealing Council Directive 2009/50/EC, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32021L1883 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 10.12.2021).
  • Directive 2011/98/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on a single application procedure for a single permit for third-country nationals to reside and work in the territory of a Member State and on a common set of rights for third-country workers legally residing in a Member State, Official Journal of the European Union, 23.12.2011, L 343/1, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32011L0098&from=EN (Son Erişim Tarihi: 29.07.2022).
  • Directive 2014/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the Conditions of entry and stay of third-country nationals for the purpose of employment as seasonal workers, Official Journal of the European Union, 28.3.2014, L94/375, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014L0036&qid=1659424807430&from=EN (Son Erişim Tarihi: 02.08.2022).
  • Directive 2014/66/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals in the framework of an intra-corporate transfer, Official Journal of the European Union, 27.5.2014, L 157/1, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014L0066&from=EN (Son Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2022).
  • Directive of Council, 2003/109/EC of 25 November 2003 concerning the status of third country nationals who are long-term residents, Official Journal of the European Union, 23.1.2004, L16/44, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32003L0109 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 3.8.2022).
  • Directive of Council, 2003/86/EC of 22 September 2003 on the right to family reunification, Official Journal of the European Union, 3.102003, L251/12, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex%3A32003L0086 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 3.8.2022).
  • Directorate-General for Communication (2017), -of European Commission, The EU and the migration crisis, EU Publications Office, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2775/330525 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 20.06.2022).
  • EESC-European Economic and Social Committee (2020a), Opinion on Implementation of the Global Compact for safe, orderly and regular migration based on EU values, 2020/C 14/ 02, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.C_.2020.014.01.0024.01.ENG&toc=OJ%3AC%3A2020%3A014%3ATOC (Son Erişim Tarih: 26.07.2022).
  • EESC-European Economic and Social Committee (2020b), “Opinion of the EESC on the Implementation of the Global Compact for safe, orderly and regular migration based on EU values, Official Journal of the European Union, 2020/C14, 15.1.2020. EUR-Lex - 52019IE1355 - EN - EUR-Lex (europa.eu) (Son Erişim Tarihi: 02 Ekim.2022).
  • European Commission (2004), “Study on the links between legal and illegal migration”, Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2004) 412 final, 4.6.2004. https://www.parlementairemonitor.nl/9353000/1/j4nvirkkkr58fyw_j9tvgajcor7dxyk_j9vvij5epmj1ey0/vikqh1rxtry5 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 8.12.2021).
  • European Commission (2005), “Policy Plan on Legal Migration”, Communication from the Commission, COM(2005) 669 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52005DC0669&from=EN (Son Erişim Tarihi: 10.12.2021).
  • European Commission (2006), “Implementing the Hague Programme: The way forward”, Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, COM(2006) 331 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52006DC0331&from=EN (Son Erişim Tarihi: 02.08.2022).
  • European Commission (2008), “A Common Immigration Policy for Europe: Principles, actions and tools”, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2008) 359 final, 17.6.2008. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52008DC0359&from=EN (Son Erişim Tarihi: 22.06.2022).
  • European Commission (2017), “On the Delivery of the European Agenda on Migration”, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2017) 558 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52017DC0558 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 26.07.2022).
  • European Commission (2020), “On 1999 on Migration and Asylum”, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2020) 609 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:85ff8b4f-ff13-11ea-b44f-01aa75ed71a1.0002.02/DOC_3&format=PDF (Son Erişim Tarihi: 26.07.2022).
  • European Commission (2021), “A Strategy towards a fully functioning and resilient Schengen area”, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council, COM(2021) 277, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52021DC0277 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 8.12.2021).
  • European Commission (2022), “Attracting skills and Talent to the EU”, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committe and the Committe of the Regions, COM(2022) 657 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2022%3A657%3AFIN&qid=1651223944578 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 26.07.2022).
  • European Council (2014), Conclusions of 26/27 June 2014, “Strategic Agenda for the Union in Times of Change”, https://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/143477.pdf (Son Erişim Tarihi: 8.12.2021).
  • European Council Presidency (1999), “Tampere European Council 15 and 16 October 1999 Presidency Conclusions”, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/tam_en.htm#a (Son Erişim Tarihi: 20.11.2021).
  • European Council Presidency (2001), “Presidency conclusions, Meeting in Laeken 14 and 15 December 2001”, https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/20950/68827.pdf (Son Erişim Tarihi: 23.11.2021).
  • European Council Presidency (2003), “Thessaloniki European Council 19 and 20 June 2003 Presidency Conclusions”, https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/DOC_03_3 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 10.08.2022).
  • European Parliament (2018), “Migration and Asylum: a challenge for Europe”, Fact Sheets on the European Union. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/PERI/2017/600414/IPOL_PERI(2017)600414_EN.pdf (Son Erişim Tarih: 25.11.2021).
  • European Parliament (2021), “The Maastricht and Amsterdam Treaties”, European Union Fact Sheets. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/ftu/pdf/en/FTU_1.1.3.pdf (Son Erişim: 19.11.2021).
  • Gençler, Ayhan (2004), Avrupa Birliği’nin Göç Politikası, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, 49, 173-197.
  • Hampshire, James (2016), European migration governance since the Lisbon Treaty: introduction to the special issue, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 42(4), 537-553.
  • MEDAM- Mercator Dialogue on Asylum and Migration (2021), “The EU and Turkey: Toward sustainable cooperation in migration management and refugee protection”, Assessment Report on Asylum and Migration Policies in Europe. https://www.medam-migration.eu/publications/assessment-reports/eu-turkey-toward-sustainable-cooperation-in-migration-management-and-refugee-protection-16277/ (Son Erişim Tarihi: 30.11.2021).
  • Morano-Foadi, Sonia (2017), Solidarity and Responsibility: Advancing Humanitarian Responses to EU Migration Pressures, European Journal of Migration and Law, 19, 223-254.
  • Özkan, Işıl (2013), Göç, İltica ve Sığınma Hukuku, SeçkinYayınevi: Ankara.
  • Prodi, Romano (2002). Speech on The Seville Summit: enlargement, immigration and reform, 2.Temmuz.2002 Avrupa Parlamentosu, Strasbourg. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi6gN6ZvMH6AhX9Q_EDHTiHBeAQFnoECAMQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fcommission%2Fpresscorner%2Fapi%2Ffiles%2Fdocument%2Fprint%2Fen%2Fspeech_02_311%2FSPEECH_02_311_EN.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0G7Gv6ztsRBxoOITYeQMtG (Son Erişim Tarihi: 10.08.2022).
  • Roots, Lehte (2009), The impact of the Lisbon Treaty on the development of EU immigration legislation, Croatian Yearbook of European Law and Policy, 5, 261-281.
Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1306-2174
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2005
  • Yayıncı: Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi
Arşiv
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Tüketici Sinizminin Marka Aşkı ve Marka Güveni Üzerindeki Etkisi: E-Ticaret Markası Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Süheyla SÜER, Nurettin PARILTI

Kâr Payı Dağıtım Duyurularının Hisse Fiyatlarına Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Örneği

Mehmet YOLCU, Feride ÖZTÜRK

Batman Müzesinde Bulunan Artuklu Dönemine Ait bir Grup Bakır Sikkenin Tarihsel ve Arkeometrik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Goncagül AVAN, Esra KAÇMAZ LEVENT, Abdulkadir LEVENT

Öz Yeterlilik İnancının Sosyal Girişimcilik Niyeti Üzerine Etkisi: Anadolu Üniversitesi ve Aksaray Üniversitesi Öğrencileri Örneği

Gözde SUNMAN, Kürşad Emrah YILDIRIM

Ar-Ge Giderleri Hisse Başına Kâr İlişkisi: Borsa İstanbul Örneği

Bülent ORDU, Rahmi YÜCEL

Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Ar-Ge Harcamaları Yoksulluk İlişkisi

Mehmet ŞENGÜR, Müslime SÖZEN

Gıda Enflasyonu Türkiye'de İntihara mı Yol Açıyor?

Elif ERBAY, Gülşah ŞENTÜRK

Katılım Bankası ve Konvansiyonel Banka Müşterilerinin Genel Risk Algısı ve Finansal Risk Toleransı

Salih ÜLEV, Hüseyin BURGAZOĞLU, Mervan SELÇUK

Geniş Akdeniz Havzası’ndaki Başlıca Güvenlik Tehditleri ve Sorunları: Bir Çatışma ve Rekabet Alanı Olarak Akdeniz

Hakan KARAASLAN

Ticari Açıklığın ve Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketiminin Çevresel Etkilerinin Ekolojik Ayak İzi Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi; Yükselen Piyasa Ekonomileri Örneği

Alper YILMAZ