İşlevsel İyileşme Bağlamında Mental Bozukluğa Sahip Hastalara Yönelik Anadolu’daki Geleneksel Uygulamalar: Nitel Çalışma

Tarihten bu yana mental bozuklukların tedavisinde geleneksel yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Geleneksel yöntemler şekil değiştirse de temelindeki amaç ve uygulama şekli değişmemektedir. İyileşmeye olan etkisi de yine yöntemlerin tarihi kadar eski tartışma temeline sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; işlevsel iyileşme bağlamında mental bozukluğa sahip hastalara yönelik anadolu’daki geleneksel uygulamaların bireyler üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmada fenomolojik ve kalitatif araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanması için 11 soruluk yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu kullanılmıştır. Soru formu, çalışma konusu ile ilgili uzman olan iki bilirkişiye danışılarak hazırlanmıştır. Soru formundaki sorular çalışmanın yapıldığı bölgeye ait kültüre uygun hazırlanmıştır. Katılımcılara açık uçlu sorular sorulmuştur. Çalışmayı tek araştırmacı yürütmüştür. Verilerin içeriğinin değerlendirilmesinde İçerik Analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bakım verenler genellikle geleneksel uygulamaların sonucu olarak; sosyal işlevsel iyileşme ve günlük hayattaki rol ve sorumluluklar için olumlu geri bildirimler verirken, özellikle ilaç uyumu ve iş/okul hayatı için olumsuz geri bildirimlerde bulunmaktadırlar. Çalışmada geleneksel yöntem olarak daha çok topluma katma, ev rutinine dahil etme, spiritüel içerikli yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Bireyler sosyal ve günlük hayatta kısmen iyileşme göstermiş olsalar da, geleneksel yöntemlerin ilaç kullanmanın önüne geçmesi bireyleri mesleki/okul yaşantılarından uzakta tutmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İşlevsel, İyileşme, Anadolu, Hemşirelik

TRADITIONAL PRACTICES IN ANATOLIA FOR PATIENTS WITH MENTAL DISORDERS IN THE CONTEXT OF FUNCTIONAL HEALING: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Traditional methods have been used for the treatment of mental disorders throughout history. Although these traditional methods have changed in form, the underlying purpose and application methods have remained the same. The effect of these traditional methods on healing is as controversial as their long history. In the study, it was aimed to analyze the effect of the traditional methods used for treating patients with mental disorders on individuals in the context of functional healing. Phenomenological and qualitative research design was used in the study. 11-item semi-structured questionnaire form was used in order to collect the data. The questionnaire form was prepared by consulting with two experts who were specialists on the study subject. The questions in the questionnaire form were prepared in line with the culture of the region where the study was conducted. As for the type of questions, the participants were asked open-ended questions. The research was carried out by one researcher. In the analysis of the data, content analysis method was employed. While caregivers generally provided positive feedback for social functional healing and the roles and responsibilities in daily life as a result of traditional practices, they gave negative feedback for particularly drug compliance and work/school life. In the study, mostly social inclusion, involving in home routine, and spiritual methods were mostly used as traditional methods. Although individuals displayed partial healing in in social and daily life, the traditional methods preventing drug use kept individuals from their occupational/school lives.

Keywords:

Functional, Improvement, Anatolia, Nursing,

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