Yayımcılara göre çiftçilerin yenilikleri benimsemesini etkileyen faktörler: Ege Bölgesi örneği

Amaç: Çalışmada yayım örgütlerinde başlıca performans göstergesi olan yeniliklerin benimsenmesi Ege Bölgesindeki 966 yayımcıdan derlenen veriler yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Tarımsal yayımda yeniliklerin benimsenmesinde etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi çalışmanın ana amacını oluşturmaktadır. Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırma verileri Ege Bölgesi’ndeki sekiz ildeki kamu, özel şirket, çiftçi örgütleri ve girdi bayilerinde çalışan yayımcılardan anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin yorumlanmasında yüzdeler ve ortalamalar gibi tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Kruskal Wallis, ki-kare, T, güvenilirlik testleri ve faktör, korelasyon, lojistik regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma Bulguları: Bölgede bir yayımcı ortalama olarak 1559 çiftçiye hizmet vermektedir. Bölgede yayımcıların dörtte biri kadın olmasına rağmen kadın çiftçilerin hizmetlerden yararlanma düzeyi düşüktür. Mesaide yayım etkinlikleri (%26,4) ve çiftçilerin yenilikleri/önerileri benimseme (%56) oranları düşüktür. Yayımcılar çiftçilere yılda 1,5 adet öneri/yenilik aktarmışlardır. Yeniliklerin benimsenme düzeyi meyve ve sebzelerde yüksektir. Sonuç: Yayımcıların yaşı, mesleki memnuniyeti, yayımın mesaideki payı ve çiftçi ziyaretleri için ayırılan gün sayıları, ulaşılan çiftçilerin sayısı, çiftçilerin eğitim düzeyi, hizmet içi eğitim alınması, piyasa mekanizmalarının bilgi kaynağı olarak kullanımı, teknik kadar ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel boyutlara yer verilmesi benimseme düzeyini arttırmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

yeniliklerin benimsemesi, Ege Bölgesi, tarımsal yayım

Factors affecting the adaptation of farmers to innovations according to extension workers: The case of Aegean Region

Objective: In this study, the adoption of innovations, which is the main performance indicator in extension organizations examined with the help of data collected from 966 extension workers in the Aegean Region. The main purpose of the study was to determine the effective factors in the adoption of innovations in agricultural extension. Material and Methods: The research was data collected from public, private companies, extension workers working in farmers' organizations, and dealers by using a survey in eight provinces in the Aegean Region. In the interpretation of data, descriptive statistics such as percentages, and averages, and Kruskal Wallis, chi-square, T, reliability tests and factor, correlation, and logistic regression analyses were employed for interpret the data. Results: An extension worker in the region averagely serves 1559 farmers. Although one-fourth of the extension workers in the region are women, the levels of benefiting of services by women farmers are low. The rate of extension activities in working hours (26.4%) and farmers' adoption rates of innovations/suggestions (56%) are low. Extension workers give 1.5 suggestions/innovations per year to farmers in the region. The adoption levels of innovations are high for fruits and vegetables production. Conclusions: The age of extension workers, their occupational satisfaction, extension share in the working hours, and the number of days devoted to farmers' visits, the number of farmers reached, the farmers' education levels, attending in-service training, as information sources to utilize the market mechanisms, and giving the place for economic, social, and environmental dimensions besides technical increase the adoption rates of the farmers to innovations in the region.

Keywords:

adoption of innovations, Aegean Region, agricultural extension,

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