EV ORTAMINDA ASTIMI TETİKLEYEN ÇEVRESEL FAKTÖRLER VE BU FAKTÖRLERİN KOTROL ALTINA ALINMASINDA HEMŞİRENİN ROLÜ

Çocuklukta görülen kronik hastalıkların en yaygını olarak tanımlanan astımın oranı son yıllarda artmaktadır. Bu artıştaki nedenlerden biri de çevresel faktörlerin etkili bir şekilde kontrol altına alınamamasıdır. Büyük ölçüde allerjik mekanizmalara bağlı olan çocukluk çağı astımının gelişmesinde çevresel alerjenlere maruz kalma primer derecede önemlidir. Ev ortamı çocuğun ve ailenin hastalığı yönetme yeteneğinde, sağlığı sürdürme aktivitelerinde ve astım ataklarına neden olan tetikleyicilerin kontrol altına alınmasında temel faktör olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Astımlı çocuklarda semptomların şiddetinin ortamda bulunan allerjen düzeyine bağlı olduğunu bilmek alınacak önlemlerin ve yapılacak girişimlerin doğru planlanmasında anahtardır. Astımlı çocuk ve ailesinin ortamının tanılanması, gerek duydukları bakım ve danışmanlığın sağlanması ve belirlenmiş bilgi gereksinimine uygun olarak eğitim verilmesi hastalık nedeniyle yaşanan problemleri en aza indirmede, uyumu ve baş etmeyi kolaylaştırmada temel öğelerdendir. Hemşireler primer, sekonder ve tersiyer sağlık hizmetleri ile astımlı çocuğun kaliteli bir yaşam sürmesini sağlayabilirler

Anahtar Kelimeler:

astım, çocuk, çevresel tetikleyiciler, hemşirelik

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS TRIGGER THE ASTHMA IN THE HOUSEHOLD AND THE ROLE OF THE NURSES IN TAKING THESE FACTORS UNDER CONTROL

The rate of asthma regarded as the most common chronic illness seen during the childhood has increased in the recent years. One of the reasons for this rise is inability to take these environmental factors under control in an efficient way. Expassing to the environmental allergics is of prime importance in developing childhood asthma depending on allergics mechanism to a large extent. Household is described as a fundemental factor in the ability of the child and parent to manage the disease, their activities to maintain the health and in taking the triggers giving rise to asthma attack under control. Knowing that the severity of the symptoms in the children with asthma depends on the level of the allergics in the atmosphere is a key in planning the attempts to be made and the measures to be taken accurately. Determining the household environment of the child with asthma and parents, providing the care and counselling which they need and giving training in accordance with the information requirement are fundamental factors in minimizing the problems occuring due to the illness and in facilitating the adoption and dealing with it. Nurses can enable the child with asthma to have a qualified life with primary, secondary and territory health services

Keywords:

asthma, child, environmental triggers, nursing,

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