STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA?

En başından beri Sırpların çoğunluğu, Eski Yugoslavya için Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi'ni sadece Sırpları cezalandırmak için kurulmuş Sırp karşıtı bir mahkeme olarak değerlendirmişlerdir. Bu düşünce, doğal olarak mahkeme ile işbirliği konusunda ciddi bir dirence neden olmuştur. Buna ilaveten, Avrupa Birliği ve ABD'nin Sırplara milli kahraman olarak gördükleri kişileri bu mahkemeye teslim etmeleri yönündeki baskıları, Sırpların yine kurban edildikleri yönündeki tarihi inançlarının canlanmasını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Ancak savaş yorgunu Sırplar, o yıllarda ekonomik ve siyasi anlamda aşağılanmış, izole olmuş ve çaresiz durumda olduklarından; bu umutsuz vaziyetlerinden kurtulmak ve Avrupa'ya dönebilmek adına AB ile kurumsal ilişkiler kurmayı alternatifsiz ve hayati olarak görmeye başlamışlardır. Mahkeme ile işbirliği konusu ise, Sırpların karşısına AB tarafından çok net ve vazgeçilmez bir koşul olarak ortaya konmuştur. İlişkilerin sadece başlayabilmesi için bile bir ön şart niteliğinde olmuştur. Bu nedenle mahkemeyle işbirliği yapmamak yönündeki istikrarlı ve net duruş, zaman içerisinde değişmeye başlamıştır. Buna ilaveten, AB ile kurumsal ilişkilerin başlaması, Rasyonal Seçim Kurumsalcılarının öngörülerine uygun olarak, AB'nin Sırplar üzerindeki etki kapasitesini daha da arttırmıştır. Nihayetinde AB'nin çekim ve etki gücü, Sırpların direncini kırmayı başarmış ve birçoğunun eskiden kahraman olarak gördükleri kişilikleri Lahey'e teslim etmelerini sağlamıştır.

SIRBİSTAN'IN STRATEJİK AVRUPALILAŞMASI VE AB ETKİSİ: ESKİ YUGOSLAVYA ULUSLARARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ İLE İŞBİRLİĞİ ÖRNEĞİ

From the very beginning, the majority of Serbs have evaluated the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) both as anti-Serb and as an instrument created to punish Serbs only. This feeling created a strong resistance among them against cooperation with the Tribunal. Furthermore, the pressure from the European Union and the United States of America as well as the threats on Serbs to extradite their war heroes, revived the historic Serbian anti-West victim based feelings. However, since war-thorn Serbia was so humiliated and isolated both politically and economically that Serbs couldn't figure out any other alternative then to build institutional relations with the EU in order to get rid of this desperate situation and return back to Europe. Nevertheless, cooperation with the ICTY was put forward by the EU as a precise and indispensable condition for even the initiation of such relations. Therefore, both the Serbian public's and politicians' initial consistency on noncooperation started to change. Besides, in accordance with the rational choice institutionalists' assumptions, the building of institutional relations with the EU had even increased EU's impact capacity on Serbia. Ultimately, magnetic and transformative impact of the EU overcame and successfully convinced Serbia to extradite its most important leaders and former war heroes to The Hague.

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