Diagnostic Value of Endobronchial Ultrasonography in Lung and Mediastinal Lesions

EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasonography) is a highly invasive diagnostic method with high rate of diagnosis by needle aspiration from mediastinal lymph nodes or masses, extremely low complication rate and costly compared to other invasive methods. In this study, we aimed to determine the contribution of endobronchial ultrasound guided needle aspiration to the diagnosis of lung and mediastinal diseases. Patients with mediastinal masses, mediastinal lymph nodes and lung parenchymal masses who underwent Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) accompanied by EBUS between January 2016 and January 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. 170 (65.1%) of 261 patients who underwent aspiration biopsy with EBUS were male; 91 (34.9%) patients were female. While the diagnosis was reached in 154 (90%) of 170 male patients who underwent EBUS, it was observed that the diagnosis was reached in 81 (89.0%) of 91 female patients. There was no statistically significant difference between gender and diagnosis (p value 0.685). The average age of the patients was 59.8. There was no statistical difference between age and diagnosis (p: 0.836). While 73 (31.06%) of 98 (41.7%) malignant patients were non -small cell, 20 (8.51%) patients had small cell lung cancer, 5 (2.12%) patients had metastatic tumor. 137 Beni gn lesion was detected in the patient (58.3%). Of the 28 patients with granulomatous inflammation, 14 (5.95%) were found to have sarcoidosis and 14 (5.95%) had tuberculosis. In addition, anthractosis in 52 (22.12%) patients, inflammation in 45 (19.14%) patients, and normal tissue in 12 (5.1%) patients. The remaining patients were non-diagnostic. As a result; EBUS distinguishes between malignant/benign masses and granulomatous disease with material taken from leucions in lung and mediastinum. The diagnosis rate is high, the complication rate is low and the cost is cheaper compared to other invasive methods and now it is used more frequently.

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