Nuran MUMCU, Serap TOPATAN, Emine KOÇ, Neşe KARAKAYA

Gebelikte Yaşanan Aile İçi Şiddetin Doğasının İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Amaç: Bu çalışma gebelikte yaşanan aile içi şiddetin doğasını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Nitel araştırma yönteminin fenomenoloji deseninde yapılan bu çalışma 15 Eylül 2017 ve 30Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında gebelik süresince aile içi şiddetin herhangi bir türüne maruz kalan 16 kadın ilegerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler sosyo-demografik veri formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile derinlemesinegörüşme yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiş, yorumlar betimsel olarakifade edilmiştir.Bulgular: Gebelikte aile içi şiddetin ortaya çıkış nedenleri arasında, alkol ve madde kullanımı, işsizlik, erkekegemenliği, kadınlık ile ilgili nedenler, gebeliğin fizyolojik ve psikolojik etkilerinin yer aldığı görülmüştür. Gebekadınlar maruz kaldıkları şiddet karşısında korku, yalnızlık, öfke ve utanç yaşadıkları, gebelerin problemle yüzleşme,kaçınma, aile desteği, boyun eğme, normalleştirme, kadercilik ve dinsel yaklaşım gibi hem problem odaklı hem deduygusal odaklı baş etme stratejilerini kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Gebe kadınların bir kısmının çeşitli nedenlerdendolayı bireysel/kurumsal destek arayışında bulunmadıkları belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Gebelik döneminde yaşanan şiddetin tespit edilmesi, gebelerin şiddete uğradıkları dönemde yaşadıklarıduyguları yönetmesinde, şiddetle başa çıkma mekanizmalarını ve yasal haklarını kullanmalarında oldukça önemlidir.Bu nedenle, ebe/hemşireler istismara uğrama riski olan gebe kadınların randevularına düzensiz gelmesi, anksiyete,depresyon, yaralanma öyküsü gibi şiddetle ilişkilendirilebilecek belirti ve bulguları dikkatlice gözlemlemelidir. Böylecedoğru ve zamanında tanılama ile şiddete erken dönemde müdahale edilmesi sağlanarak anne ve fetüs sağlığı için tehditoluşturabilecek olumsuz durumların önüne geçilmesi sağlanmış olacaktır.

Investigation of the Nature of Domestic Violence in Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study

Aim: This study was conducted to examine the nature of domestic violence in pregnancy. Material and Methods: This study in the phenomenology pattern of qualitative research method was conducted with 16 women who were exposed to any type of domestic violence during pregnancy between September 15th, 2017 and December 30th, 2017. Data were collected by using sociodemographic data form and semi-structured interview form and in-depth interview method. The data were analyzed using content analysis and comments were expressed descriptively. Results: Among the causes of domestic violence during pregnancy, alcohol and substance use, unemployment, male domination, femininity related causes, physiological and psychological effects of pregnancy were found. Pregnant women experience fear, loneliness, anger and shame in the face of violence they are exposed to. It was determined that both the problem-oriented and emotionally focused coping strategies of pregnant women such as confrontation, avoidance, family support, submission, normalization, fatalism and religious approach were used. It was determined that some of the pregnant women did not seek individual / institutional support for various reasons. Conclusion: It is important to determine the violence experienced during pregnancy, to manage the emotions experienced by pregnant women, to use their coping mechanisms and legal rights. Therefore, midwives / nurses should carefully observe signs and symptoms that may be related to violence, such as irregular appointments, anxiety, depression, and history of injury to pregnant women at risk of abuse. In this way, early intervention in violence will be ensured through accurate and timely diagnosis, thus preventing negative situations that may pose a threat to maternal and fetal health.

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