Yakın İlişkili Orkide Cinsleri Anacamptis, Neotinea ve Orchis'in Karşılaştırmalı Damar Morfometrisi

Bu çalışmada farklı bir yaklaşımla yeni orkide sınıflandırmalarını test etmek, yaprak damar deseninin bu sınıflandırmaları ne derecede temsil ettiğini araştırmak ve diagnostik olan damarlanma özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sistematik kategorisi değişen türler ile birlikte Orchis üyelerinden simpatrik yayılış gösteren 8 tür araştırmaya konu edilmiştir. Bitki örnekleri Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki çeşitli lokalitelerden toplanmıştır. Olgun yapraklara saydamlaştırma ve boyama işlemi uygulanarak stereo mikroskopta fotoğraflanmış, damar ve areol yapılarına ait 15 morfometrik özellik analiz edilmiştir. Yaprak damar özellikleri açısından türler arasındaki farklılığın anlamlı olup olmadığını test etmek amacıyla oneway ANOVA uygulanmış ve analiz sonucunda gruplandırmada etkili olanlar ayrım analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda yeni sınıflandırmayı destekleyen veriler elde edilmiştir. Neotinea üyelerini diğer taksonlardan ayıran özellikler arasında areollerin çevresi, daireselliği, en/boy oranı gibi areol özellikleri ön plana çıkarken Anacamptis üyeleri birim alandaki damar yoğunluğu, damar uzunluğu gibi özellikler açısından farklılaşmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar damarlanmanın topolojik ve morfometrik karakterlerinin orkidelerin sistematik ve filogenetik ilişkilerini yansıtabileceğini ve özellikle problemli gruplarda sınıflandırmaya ilişkin problemlerin çözümünde etkili olabileceğini işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anacamptis, Görüntü işleme, Neotinea, Orchis, Filogenetik sinyal, Yaprak damarlanma

Comparative Vein Morphometry of Closely Related Orchid Genera Anacamptis, Neotinea and Orchis

This research aimed to test new orchid classifications, investigate to what extent the leaf vein pattern represents this classification, and determine the diagnostic features. Along with the species whose systematic category changed, 8 taxa with sympatric distribution were the subject of the study. Samples were collected from various localities in the Black Sea Region. The vein structures were analyzed by applying clearing and staining processes to leaves and photographed under a stereomicroscope, and 15 morphometric features were analyzed. Oneway ANOVA was applied to test whether the difference between species in terms of leaf vein characteristics is significant, and the characteristics showing significant differences were used in discriminant analysis. It provided data supporting the new classification. Among the features that distinguish Neotinea members from other taxa, areole features such as perimeter, circularity, and aspect ratio of the areoles come to the fore, while Anacamptis members differ in terms of vein features such as vascular density and vascular length per unit area. These results indicate that the topological and morphometric characteristics of venation may reflect the systematic and phylogenetic relationships of orchids and may be effective in solving problems related to classification, especially in problematic groups.

Keywords:

Anacamptis, Image processing, Leaf venation, Neotinea, Orchis, Phylogenetic signal,

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