Yusuf SEVGİLER, Eylem TAŞKIN, Celal GÜVEN, Salih Tunç KAYA

Diyabette Leptin Hormonun Olası Etkileri

Şeker hastalığı olarak bilinen diyabet, çeşitli komplikasyonları (kalp ve dolaşım hastalıkları, kanser ve buna benzer hastalıklar) beraberinde getiren, insan hayatını olumsuz yönde etkileyen metabolik bir hastalıktır. Genel olarak diyabet tip I ve tip II olmak üzere iki büyük alt grupta toplanan bir hastalıktır. Tip I diyabette beta (β) hücrelerinin apoptoz ile kaybı insülin salgısının azalmasında önemli bir mekanizmadır. Leptin de insülin gibi antiapoptotik ve proliferatif hormonlardan biridir. Dahası düşük leptin ve insülin tedavisinin sadece yüksek doz insülin kullanımına oranla kan şekerinin tamponlanmasında daha etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Fakat leptinin tip I diyabetteki bu etkisi/etkileri hala gizemini korumaktadır. Leptinin tip I diyabetteki önemli etkisinden biri de yağların β oksidasyonunun artmasına neden olarak, kan şekerinin tamponlanmasını da sağları. Bu da insülin direncinin oluşmasının azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca leptinin insülinin anabolik etkilerini taklit ettiği gibi diyabette meydana gelen ketoasidozu önlediği de vurgulanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla leptin tedavisi, zorunlu yüksek doz insülin kullanımı azaltılmasına olanak tanıyabilmektedir. Bu derleme, literatürdeki leptin ve diyabet arasındaki

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Leptin, Diyabet, Oksidatif stres, İnsülin, Apoptozis, Aktin filamentleri, ATP'ye duyarlı potasyum kanalları

The Possible Effects of Leptin Hormone in Diabetes

Diabetes, known as a disorder of glucose, is a metabolic disease that brings about various complications (cardiovascular and circulatory disorder, cancer, and similar diseases) and affects human life negatively. Diabetes is a disease that has two big sub-categories as type I and type II. Beta (β) cell loss by apoptosis in type I diabetics is an important mechanism in the decrease of insulin secretion. Like insulin, leptin is also one of the anti-apoptotic and proliferative hormones. Moreover, it is known that low leptin and insulin treatment are more effective in tamponing blood glucose than only high dose of insulin use. However, this effect/these effects of type I diabetics still keeps its mystery. Another significant effect of leptin in type I diabetes is to tampon blood glucose by increasing in fat oxidation. Moreover, this causes a decrease in insulin resistance. In addition, it is emphasized that leptin not only imitates anabolic effects of insulin but also avoids ketoacidosis that occurs in diabetes. Consequently, leptin treatment enables a decrease in high dose of insulin use. The evidence to be obtained has a potential to help enlighten this complicated relationship between leptin and diabetes in literature by the review.

Keywords:

Leptin, Diabetes, Oxidative stress, Insulin, Apoptosis, Actin filaments, ATP sensitive potassium channels,

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