ZEKERİYA ÇAM, Sedef SEYDOOGULLARİ, MÜGE ARTAR

Psychometric Properties of the Magical Ideation Scale in High School Adolescents

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, daha önce üniversite öğrencileri ile geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması yapılan Büyüsel Düşünce Ölçeği'nin (BDÖ) liseye devam eden ergenlerde psikometrik özelliklerini belirlemektir.Yöntem: Araştırmaya 2011-2012 eğitim öğretim yılında Kocaeli il merkezindeki Anadolu Lisesinde ve genel liselerde öğrenim gören 422 öğrenci katılmıştır. Katılımcıların 222'si (%52.6) kız ve 200'ü (%47.4) erkektir. Katılımcılara BDÖ ve Akılcı Olmayan İnanç Ölçeği Ergen Formu (AOİÖ-EF) uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan ölçeklerin ardından, BDÖ'nin geçerlilik çalışması için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve güvenilirlik analizi için Cronbach alfa katsayısı, %27 alt-üst grup yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin ayırt edici geçerlilik işlemi için ise AOİÖ-EF ile korelasyon değeri hesaplanmıştır.Bulgular: BDÖ için yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi işleminin ardından, Yaklaşık Hataların Ortalama Karekökü=0.039, Normlaştırılmamış Uyum İndeksi=0.90, Karşılaştırmalı Uyum İndeksi=0.91, Artan Uyum İndeksi=0.91 ve Uyum İyiliği İndeksi=0.90 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, ölçek için hesaplanan iç tutarlılık katsayısı ise, kız öğrenciler için ?=0.80 ve erkekler için ?=0.76 olarak elde edilmiştir. Ayırt edici geçerlilik çalışmasında da akılcı olmayan inançlar ile büyüsel düşünce arasında r=0.11 düzeyinde bir ilişki elde edilmiştir.Sonuç: Çalışmadan elde edilen geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizi bulguları, BDÖ'nin ergenlerde büyüsel düşünceyi ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Buna dayanarak, konu ile ilgili olarak ergenlerle yapılacak çalışmalarda bu ölçeğin yeterli olduğu söylenebilir

Büyüsel düşünce ölçeğinin psikometrik özelliklerinin liseye devam eden ergenlerde incelenmesi

Psychometric properties of the magical ideation scale in high school adolescents Objective: The validity and reliability studies of the Magical Ideation Scale (MIS) have already been conducted among university students. The purpose of this study was to define the psychometric properties of the MIS among adolescents attending high school. Method: Four hundred twenty two high school students attending an Anatolian High School and classical high schools within Kocaeli city center during the education year 2011-2012 participated in this research. Among the participants 222 (52.6%) were female and 200 (47.4%) were male. The average age of the students was 15.68±0.67. The participants were administered MIS and Irrational Belief Scale Adolescent Form (IBS-A). For the confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis, Cronbach alpha coefficient 27% sub-upper group method was used for the validation of the MIS. For the discriminant validity transaction of the scale, the correlation value was calculated with the IBS-A.Findings: After the confirmatory factor analysis transaction, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was found as 0.039; Non-normed Fit Index (NNFI) was calculated as 0.90; Comparative Fit Index (CFI) was calculated as 0.91; Incremental Fit Index (IFI) was found as 0.91; and Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) was found as 0.90. Besides, the internal consistency coefficient was found as α=0.80 for female students and α=0.76 for male students. In the discriminant validity study, the level of relation between the irrational beliefs and magical ideation was calculated as r=0.11.Conclusion: The validity and reliability analysis findings obtained from the study revealed that the MIS was a valid and reliable scale in measuring the magical ideation. Based on those findings, it may be stated that this scale would be sufficient in the studies to be conducted on the adolescents

PDF

___

1. Einstein DA, Menzies RG. Does Magical thinking improve across treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder? Behav Change 2008; 25:149-155.
2. Simonds LM, Demetre JD, Read C. Relationships between magical thinking, obsessive-compulsiveness and other forms of anxiety in a sample of non-clinical children. Brit J Dev Psychol 2009; 27:457-471.
3. Trimble J. Bear spends time in our dreams now: magical thinking and cultural empathy in multicultural counselling theory and practice. Couns Psychol Q 2010; 23:241-53.
4. Berenbaum H, Boden MT, Baker JP. Emotional salience, emotional awareness, peculiar beliefs, and magical thinking. Emotion 2009; 9:197-205.
5. Einstein D, Menzies R, Clare T, Drobny J, Helagadottir F. The treatment of magical ideation in two individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder. Cognitive Behaviour Therapist 2011; 4:16- 29.
6. Eckblad M, Chapman J. Magical ideation as an indicator of schizotypy. J Consult Clin Psychol1983; 51:215-225.
7. Atbasoglu E, Kalaycioglu C, Nalcacı E. Reliability and Validity of Turkish Version of Magical Ideation Scale in University Students. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2003; 14:31-41. (Turkish)
8. Hutson M. Magical Thinking. Psychology Today 2008. http:// www.psychologytoday.com/articles/200802/magical-thinking. Accessed January 10, 2012.
9. Moulding R, Kyrios M. Anxiety disorders and control related beliefs: the exemplar of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Clinical Psychol Rev 2006; 26:573-583.
10. Reynolds CA, Raine A, Mellingen K, Venables PH, Mednick SA. Three-factor model of schizotypal personality: invariance across culture, gender, religious affiliation, family adversity, and psychopathology. Schizophr Bull 2000; 26:603-618.
11. Thalbourne M, French CC. Paranormal belief, manicdepressiveness, and magical ideation: a replication. Pers Individ Dif 1995; 18:291-292.
12. Bolton D, Dearsley P, Madronal-Luque R, Baron-Cohen S. Magical thinking in childhood and adolescents: development and relation to obsessive compulsion. Br J Dev Psychol 2002; 20:479-494.
13. Yorulmaz A, Inozu M, Gultepe B. The role of magical thinking in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptoms and cognitions in an analogue sample. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2011; 42:198-203.
14. Steinberg L. Adolescence. McGraw-Hill Companies, 2005.
15. Clark R, Delia J. The development of functional persuasive skills in childhood and early adolescence. Child Dev 1976; 47:1008-1014.
16. Turkum A, Balkaya A, Karaca E. The Adaptation of the Irrational Beliefs Scale To Adolescences: Validity and Reliability Studies. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal 2005; 3:77-83. (Turkish)
17. Yilmaz V, Celik HE. Structural Equation Modelling. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık, 2009. (Turkish)
18. Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Modeling 1999; 6:1-55.
19. Marsh H. Positive and negative global self-esteem: a substantively meaningful distinction or artifactors? J Pers Soc Psychol 1996; 70:810-819.
20. Horan P, Distefano C, Motl R. Wording effects in self-esteem scales: methodological artifact or response style? Struct Equ Modeling 2003; 10:435-455.
21. Gross M, Silvia P, Vidal-Barrantes N, Kwapil T. Psychometric properties and validty of short forms of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales in two large samples. Schizophr Res 2012; 134:267-272.
22. Unterrainer H, Huber H, Sorgo I, Collicut J, Fink A. Dimensions of religious/spiritual well-being and schizotypal personality. Pers Individ Dif 2011; 51:360-364.
23. Norman R, Davies F, Malla A, Cortese L, Nicholson I. Relationship of obsessive-compulsive syptomatology to anxiety, depression and schizotypy in a clinical population. Br J Clin Psychol 1996; 35:553-566.
24. Ellis A. The biological basis of human irrationality. J Individ Psychol 1976; 32:145-168.
25. Tolin D, Abramowitz J, Kozak M, Foa E. Fixity of belief, perceptual aberrration, and magical ideation in obsessivecompulsive disorder. J Anxiety Disord 2001; 15:501-510.
26. Helgadóttir F, Menzies R, Einstein D. Magical thinking and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Austrailia and Iceland: a cross-cultural comparison. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord 2012; 1:216-219.
27. Lavender A, Shubert I, Silva P. Obsessive-compulsive beliefs and magical ideation in eating disorders. Br J Health Psychol 2006; 45:331-342.
28. Einstein D, Menzies R. Magical thinking in obsesive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and the general community. Behav Cogn Psychcother 2006; 34:351-357.