MERYEM ÖZLEM KÜTÜK, EMİNE DURMUŞ, Cem GÖKÇEN, Fevziye TOROS, Gülen GÜLER, Erkan EVEGU

Determination of Beliefs, Attitudes of Consulting Teachers towards Mental Diseases, and Referral Reasons of Their Students to a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist

Rehber öğretmenlerin ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik inançlarının, tutumlarının ve öğrencilerini çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri uzmanına yönlendirme gerekçelerinin belirlenmesi Amaç: Çalışmamızda rehber öğretmenlerin ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik inançları, tutumları ve öğretmenlerin öğrencilerini çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri uzmanına yönlendirme gerekçelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma, 118 rehber öğretmen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama işlemi sosyodemografik bilgi formu ve Ruhsal Hastalığa Yönelik İnançlar Ölçeği (RHYİÖ) yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar: Elde edilen bulgulara göre, rehber öğretmenlerin %15.3'ü bir ruhsal sorun nedeni ile herhangi bir zamanda psikiyatri uzmanına, %32.2'si çocuğu için çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri uzmanına başvurmuş ve %89.8'i öğrencilerini, çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri uzmanına yönlendirmiştir. Öğretmenlerin, RHYİÖ'den aldıkları puan ortalamaları toplam ölçekten 80.41±9.32, tehlikeli alt ölçeğinden 28.82±5.35, çaresizlik ve kişilerarası ilişkilerde bozulma alt ölçeğinden 43.83±4.93 ve utanma alt ölçeğinden 7.76±1.81 puandı. Katılımcıların RHYİÖ'den aldıkları puan ortalamaları cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, görev yaptığı kurum, hizmet yılı ve mezun oldukları lisans programı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. Rehber öğretmenlerin öğrencilerini çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri uzmanlarına yönlendirme gerekçeleri sırasıyla davranış bozukluğu (%31.10), dikkat eksikliği (%16.10), depresif duygudurum (%14.72) ve hiperaktivite (%12.20) olarak saptandı.Sonuç: Bu araştırmada rehber öğretmenlerin ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik olumsuz inançları olduğu, ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik utanma duygusu yaşadığı ve bu hastaları tehlikeli olarak değerlendirdiği görülmektedir. Diğer yandan öğretmenlerin, bu hastalıkların bireylerde çaresizlik yarattığı ve kişiler arası iletişimi bozduğu yönünde bir inançları olduğu da bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızın, literatür taramamız sonucunda rehber öğretmenlerin ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik tutum ve inançlarını, öğrencilerini psikiyatriste yönlendirme gerekçelerini inceleyen ilk çalışma olduğunu düşünülmektedir.

Rehber öğretmenlerin ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik inançlarının, tutumlarının ve öğrencilerini çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri uzmanına yönlendirme gerekçelerinin belirlenmesi

Determination of beliefs, attitudes of consulting teachers towards mental diseases, and referral reasons of their students to a child and adolescent psychiatrist Objective: In the present study, the aim was to evaluate the beliefs and attitudes of school counselors about mental illnesses, and reasons why counselors referred students to psychiatrists. Method: The study was carried out with 118 school counselors. Data were collected with sociodemographic information form and Beliefs toward Mental Illness Scale (BMIS). Results: According to study results, 15.3% of school counselors stated that they referred to a psychiatrist for their own psychological problems at some time, and 32% of subjects referred their own children to a child and adolescent psychiatrist. The proportion of teachers who referred their students to a child and adolescent psychiatrist was 89.8%. Scores of school counselors were 80.41±9.32 in overall BMIS, 28.82±5.35 in dangerousness, 43.83±4.93 in poor social and interpersonal skills, and 7.76±1.81 points in incurability subscales. No statistically significant relationship was determined between mean scores of participants and gender, age, marital status, institution where they work, working duration, and graduate program they attended. The four most frequent student referral causes were conduct disorder (31.10%), attention deficit (16.10%), depressive mood (14.72%) and hyperactivity (12.20%). Conclusion: It is noticed that school counselors have negative beliefs about mental disorders, feel shame because of them, and they regard these patients dangerous. On the other hand, participants believe that these disorders lead to despair in individuals and impair interpersonal communication. According to the literature search, this study is the first investigating beliefs and attitudes of school counselors about mental illnesses, and reasons why they refer students to psychiatrists.

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