Pazarlama Anlayışında Siyasal Pazarlamanın Yeri ve Pazar Konumlarına Göre Siyasi Partilerin Stratejik Analizi

Pazarlama, siyasal pazarlama faaliyetlerinin tasarlanmasında ve uygulanmasında toplumsal ve siyasal dinamikleri harekete geçirmesi yönünden son derece islevsel bir özellik tasımaktadır. Özellikle son yıllarda, siyasi partiler ve adaylar rekabet avantajı sağlamak için pazarlama biliminden genis ölçüde yararlanmaktadırlar. Siyasi partilerin programları ile seçmenlerin beklentileri arasında gerçeklestirilecek bir örtüsme siyasi partilerin rakiplerine göre daha avantajlı bir konuma geçmesini sağlayacaktır. Bu çalısmada, pazarlama faaliyetleri ile siyasal pazarlama arasındaki iliski incelenmis ve siyasi partilerin uygulayacakları stratejilere yönelik çesitli önerilerde bulunulmustur.

Political Marketing in the Marketing Concept and Strategic Analysis of Political Parties Acording to Their Market Positions

Marketing is highly functional in designing and implementing activities for political marketing and triggering political dynamics. Especially in recent years, political parties and candidates take advantage of marketing science in order to gain competitive advantages. An overlap between political party programs and the voters’ expectations would give a great advantage to parties in their political competition. This study elaborates the relationship between marketing activities and political marketing, and gives some recommendations to political parties pertaining marketing strategies.

___

  • 1. Bagozzi, Richard P. (1975). “Marketing as an Exchange”, Journal of Marketing, 39: 32-39.
  • 2. Bayraktaroğlu, Gül (2002). “Geleneksel Pazarlamada Politik Pazarlamanın Yeri” Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 4, Sayı 3, 58- 82
  • 3. Bingham, J. R., F. Raffield, B. (1990). Business to Business Marketing Management, Homewood, Richard D. Irwin.
  • 4. Bongrand, Michel (1991). Politikada Pazarlama, Çev. Fatos Ersoy, Đletisim Yayınları, Đstanbul.
  • 5. Butler, Patrick ve Collins, Neil (1994). “Political Marketing: Structure and Process”, European Journal of Marketing, 28: 19-34.
  • 6. Butler, Patrick ve Collins, Neil (1996). “Strategic Analysis in Political Markets” European Journal of Marketing, 30: 32-45.
  • 7. Gegez, Ercan (1990). “Pazarlamanın Gelisim Süreci ve Politik Pazarlama” Pazarlama Dünyası, Yıl 4, 39-40
  • 8. Henneberg C. Stephen (2006). “Strategic Postures of Political Marketing: An Exploratory Operationalization”, Journal of Public Affairs, 6, 1, 15-30
  • 9. Kotler, Philip (1972). Pazarlama Yönetimi (Çev. Yaman Erdal). Ankara: Bilimsel Yayınlar Derneği.
  • 10.Kotler, Philip ve Gerald, Zaltman (1971). “Social Marketing, An Apprach to Planned Social Change” Journal of Marketing, 35: 3-12.
  • 11.Kotler, Philip ve Sidney Levy (1969). “Brodening the Concept of Marketing”, Journal of Marketing, 33: 10-15.
  • 12.Limanlılar, Mehmet (1991). “Siyasal Pazarlama” Pazarlama Dünyası, Sayı 5, 29-39
  • 13.Lock ve Harris (1996). “Political Marketing: Vive la Difference”, European Journal of Marketing, 30: 21-31.
  • 14.Oluç, Mehmet (1987). “Pazarlama Sözcüğünün Ortaya Çıkması ve Pazarlama Düsüncesinin Gelisimi”, Pazarlama Dünyası,1: 3-4.
  • 15.O’shaughnessy, Nicholas (2001). “The Marketing of Political Marketing”, European Journal of Marketing, Special Edition Devoted to Political Marketing, Phill Harris, Ed., 35: 1047-1057.
  • 16.Reid, David M. (1988). “Marketing the Political Product”, European Journal of Marketting, 22: 34-47.
  • 17.Shama, A. (1975), "The Marketing of Political Candidates", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 767-77.
  • 18.Shaw, R. Daron (2002). “How The Bush and Gore Campaigns Conceptualized and Used The Internet in 2000”, Journal of Political Marketing,1: 39-64.
  • 19.Smith, G. ve Saunders, J. (1990). “The Application of Marketing to British Politics”, Journal of Marketing Management, 5: 295-306 .
  • 20.Smith G. ve Hirst A. (2001). “Strategic Political Segmentation: A New Approach for A New Era of Political Marketing”, Europen Journal of Marketing, 35, 9/10, 1058-1073
  • 21.Tan, Ahmet (1998). Politik Pazarlama ve Kahramanmaras Örneği, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Sivas.
  • 22.Uztuğ, Ferruh (2002). Markan Kadar Konus!, Đstanbul: Mediacat Kitapları. Webster, F.S. (1992). “The Changing Role of Marketing in The Corporation”, Journal of Marketing, 56: 1-17.
  • 23.Wring, D. (1996). “Political Marketing and Party Development in Britain: A “Secret” History”, European Journal of Marketing, 30: 92-103.
  • 24.Wring, D. (1997), "Reconciling Marketing with Political Science: Theories of Political Marketing", Proceedings from the Academy of Marketing Conference, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester.