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Kültür ve Kı̇şilik Açısından Afet Rı̇skı̇ Algısı

Afetler tehlikeli ve riskli durumların bir sonucu olarak farklı şekillerde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Afete yol açabilecek olayların etkisi ise toplumların risk azaltma ve hazırlık seviyelerine göre farklılık göstermektedir. Toplumların risk yönetimi faaliyetlerine önem vermeleri için ilk olarak bölgelerinde afete yol açabilecek tehlike ve riski algılamaları önemlidir. Bu çerçevede ilk olarak afet risk algısı ölçeği geliştirilmiş, daha sonra kültür ve kişilikle ilişkili olup olmadığı ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Anket çalışması, Türkiye’de Muğla ve Van illerinde yaşayan 18 yaş ve üstü 900 kişiyle sınırlandırılmıştır. Veriler LISREL programında analize tabi tutulmuştur. Kişilik ölçeği uyumluluk boyutunun, afet risk algısı boyutlarının tümüyle pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kişilik ölçeğinin sorumluluk boyutu, afet risk algısının tehdit boyutuyla; yeniliğe açıklık boyutu da, afet risk algısının kadercilik boyutuyla negatif ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kişiliğin dışadönüklük boyutuyla afet risk algısı arasında ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Kültür ölçeğinin ise belirsizlikten kaçınma boyutunun, afet risk algısının endişe ve kontrol edebilirlik boyutlarıyla pozitif ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kültürün kolektivizm boyutuyla afet risk algısı arasında ilişki tespit edilmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Afet, afet risk algısı, kültür, kişilik

Disaster Risk Perception Regarding Culture and Personality

Disasters appear in different ways as a result of dangerous and risky situations. The impact of events that may lead to disasters differs according to societies' risk reduction and preparedness levels. In order for societies to attach importance to risk management activities, it is important that they first perceive the hazards and risks that may lead to disasters in their regions. In this framework firstly, the disaster risk perception scale was developed and then it was tried to reveal whether it is related to culture and personality. The survey was limited to 900 people aged 18 and over living in Muğla and Van provinces in Türkiye. The data were analyzed in LISREL software. It was found that the agreeableness dimension of the personality scale was positively related to all dimensions of disaster risk perception. The conscientiousness dimension of the personality scale was found to be negatively related to the threat dimension of disaster risk perception, and the openness to experience was found to be negatively related to the fatalism dimension of disaster risk perception. No relationship was found between the extraversion dimension of personality and the perception of disaster risk. The uncertainty avoidance dimension of the culture scale was found to be positively correlated with the anxiety and controllability dimensions of disaster risk perception. No relationship was found between the collectivism dimension of culture and the perception of disaster risk.

Keywords:

Disaster, disaster risk perception, culture, personality,

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