Türkiye’de serbest eczanelerde antitrombotik tedavi ile ilgili sunulan farmasötik bakım hizmetlerinin değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Antitrombotik ilaçlar birçok farklı hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan yüksek riskli ilaçlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki serbest eczacıların antitrombotik tedavi ile ilişkili faaliyetlerinin nitelik ve içeriğinin belirlenmesi ve serbest eczacıların antitrombotik tedavi yönetimine katkıda bulunabilecek farmasötik bakım aktivitelerine yaklaşımlarının belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Web ortamında hazırlanan kesitsel anket çalışmasına Türkiye’de 53 ilden 321 eczacı kendi kendine uygulama yöntemiyle katılmıştır. Ankette evet/hayır soruları, kapalı uçlu çoktan seçmeli sorular, yarı kapalı uçlu çoktan seçmeli sorular, 0-100 arası derecelendirme ve 5 noktalı Likert ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Eczacılar verdikleri farmasötik bakım hizmetlerinin %21,84 ± 1,05’inin antitrombotik tedavi görmekte olan hastalara yönelik olduğunu bildirmiştir. Eczacıların %99,1’inin birden fazla antitrombotik ilaç hakkında bilgi verdiği belirlenmiştir. Eczacıların sadece %33,0’ü antitrombotik ilaçların kullanıldıkları tıbbi durumlar ve ilgili tedavi protokolleri ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin yeterli olduğunu düşündüğünü bildirmiştir. Verilen çeşitli farmasötik bakım hizmetleri ile eczacıların bilgi düzeyi arasında zayıf pozitif korelasyon bulunmaktadır. Eczacılar hastaların %82,2’sinin ilaçları/tedavileri konusunda bilgisinin yeterli olmadığını düşünmesine rağmen %85,7’si hastalara yazılı bilgilendirme materyali vermemektedir. Eczacıların farmasötik bakım hizmeti sağlarken hastalar ile ilgili faktörlerden en çok kullandığı diğer ilaçlar (%88,8), yaş (%78,8), sağlık okuryazarlığı (%72,9) ve eğitim durumunu (%71,7) dikkate aldığı belirlenmiştir. Eczacıların diğer sağlık profesyonellerinin eczacı hizmetlerine verdikleri öneme ilişkin öz değerlendirme sonucu ile olası tedavi sorunları için hekimle iletişime geçme sıklığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı zayıf pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları Türkiye’de antitrombotik tedavi yönetiminde serbest eczacıların sundukları farmasötik bakım hizmetleri ile ilgili bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Sonuçlar doğrultusunda serbest eczacılık hizmetlerin geliştirilmesi ülkemizde güvenli ve etkin antitrombotik ilaç kullanımının artışına katkı sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

antitrombotik tedavi, farmasötik bakım, serbest eczacılık hizmetleri

EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SERVICES FOR ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY PROVIDED IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES IN TURKEY

Objective: Antithrombotic drugs are high risk drugs used in treatment of various conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of pharmaceutical care activities related to antithrombotic therapy management and the attitudes of community pharmacists in this area.Material and Method: 321 pharmacists from 53 provinces of Turkey completed this cross-sectional self-administered web-based survey. The questionnaire consisted of yes/no, closed-ended multiple choice, semi-closed multiple choice, 0-100 rating and 5-point Likert scale questions.Results: 21.84 ± 1.05% of the pharmaceutical care services provided by pharmacists were directed toward patients using antithrombotic drugs. 99.1% of pharmacists provided information on more than one antithrombotic drug. Only 33.0% of the pharmacists reported that their knowledge on antithrombotic drugs was adequate. There was a weak positive correlation between the pharmacists’ level of knowledge and various pharmaceutical care services provided. Although pharmacists don’t think that 82.2% of patients have enough knowledge about treatments, 85.7% don’t hand out written information to patients. Other drugs (88.8%), age (78.8%), health literacy (72.9%) and education status (71.7%) were the most frequently considered factors while providing pharmaceutical care services. There was a weak positive correlation between pharmacist's perceived value for pharmacy services by other healthcare professionals and frequency of communication with physicians for possible treatment problems. Conclusion: The results of this study provide a framework for pharmaceutical care services provided by community pharmacists in the management of antithrombotic therapy in Turkey. The improvement of community pharmacy services may contribute to the increase of safe and effective antithrombotic drug use in our country.

Keywords:

antithrombotic therapy, pharmaceutical care, community pharmacy services,

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