RSSI ve ToA Tabanlı Mesafe Tahminlerini Kullanarak Kablosuz Sensör Düğümlerinin Bağıl Lokalizasyonu

Kablosuz sensör ağları, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee ve WiMAX gibi kablosuz altyapıları kullanarak bağlanan birçok sensör düğümünden oluşur. Sensör düğümlerinin göreli veya mutlak konumlarının belirlenmesi birçok uygulama için önem taşımaktadır. Sunulan çalışmamızda, tercih edilen kablosuz iletişim altyapısının Alınan Sinyal Gücü Göstergesi (RSSI) ve Varış Zamanı (ToA) metriklerinden elde edilen sonuçları birleştirerek sensör nodlarının konumunu daha yüksek başarımlı tahmin etmek için geliştirilmiş bir yöntem sunulmaktadır. Konum analizinin sonuçları ölçümlere ve nodlar arasındaki mesafelerin karşılaştırmasına dayanarak sunulmaktadır. Önerilen yöntem RSSI ya da ToA verilerine dayalı kestirim sonuçlarını düğümler arasındaki mesafeye göre tercih etmektedir, kısa mesafelerde RSSI uzak mesafelerde ise ToA tercih edilmektedir. Sonuçlar, bileşik yöntemin tahmin hatalarını azalttığını ve her iki yöntemden de daha iyi performans sergilediğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kablosuz Sensör Ağları, Konumlama, RSSI, TOA

Relative Localization of Wireless Sensor Nodes by Using the RSSI and ToA based distance estimations

Wireless sensor network is a popular area for both academic research and commercial applications. A wireless sensor network is made up of several sensor nodes connected over various wireless infrastructures such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, or WiMAX. Determining the relative or absolute position of the sensor nodes is essential information for many applications. In this work, we present a novel method for estimating the position of sensor nodes using the Received Signal Strength Indicator and Time of Arrival metrics of the preferred wireless communication infrastructure. Localization results based on both of the metrics and comparison of them with respect to distance between the nodes are presented, and a novel combined method using both the RSSI and ToA based distance estimations is presented. The proposed method estimates the position of the WSN using both methods, but the result of a single method is preferred depending on the distance between the nodes since within the first 5 m. The RSSI based method is superior to ToA and for farther distances ToA outperforms RSSI. The measurement results show that the combined method reduces the estimation error and performs better than both methods it is based on.

Keywords:

RSSI, TOA, Localization, Wireless Sensor Networks,

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