Almanca Öğretmen Adaylarının Almanca Öğrenme Özerkliğine Hazır Olma Durumlarının Tespitine Yönelik Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Günümüzde öğrenen özerkliği, eğitim süreçlerinin planlanmasında önemli bir pedagojik kavram olarak kabul edilmektedir. Yabancı diller alanında Avrupa Dilleri Ortak Çerçeve Programı ve Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından dil öğrenme özerkliği desteklenmekte ve önemli bir eğitim hedefi olarak görülmektedir. Öğrenen özerkliği son yıllarda yabancı dil eğitimi alanında önemli bir kavram olmakla beraber yeni tip korona virüsünün sebep olduğu sonrasında yüz yüze eğitimin çevrimiçi eğitime dönülmesi ile daha çok tartışılan ve önemsenen bir kavram olma yolundadır. Yabancı dil öğretiminde öğrenen özerkliğini geliştirmek için, birçok araştırmacı özellikle geçerli ve güvenilir ölçme araçlarına olan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. Literatürdeki çalışmalar incelendiğinde Almanca Öğrenme Özerkliğini ölçen bir ölçeğin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu gereksinimi yerine getirmek için, bu çalışmada, Alman Dili Eğitimi Bölümü öğrencilerinin özerk öğrenmeye hazır olma durumlarını tespit etmek amacıyla yeni bir ölçeğin geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma sorularından yola çıkarak oluşturulan araştırma modeli nicel araştırma yöntemlerine dayanmaktadır. Madde havuzunun oluşturulması için nitel verilerden de yararlanılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi (n = 459) sonucunda 21 maddeye sahip ve 4 boyutlu bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (n = 451) sonrasında 2 maddenin yapıyla uygunsuz olduğu sonucuna varılmış ve bu maddeler ölçekten çıkartılmışlardır. Sonuç olarak, toplam varyansın % 48.65’ini açıklayan ölçeğin son versiyonu “taktikler”, “stratejiler”, “sorumluluk algısı”, “tutum ve motivasyon” olmak üzere dört alt boyut ve 19 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Yapılan analizde ölçek geneli Cronbach Alpha ortalama değerinin 0.850 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulardan yola çıkarak geliştirilen ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir veri toplama aracı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ölçek geliştirme, Öğrenci özerkliği, Almanca öğrenme özerkliği, Alman Dili Eğitimi, Yabancı Dil Eğitimi

Determining the Readiness of German Language Teacher Candidates to Learner Autonomy in Learning German: A Scale Development Study

Learner autonomy has been considered as a crucial pedagogical concept in the planning of educational processes. In order to improve learner autonomy in foreign language teaching, many researchers particularly emphasize the need for valid and reliable measurement tools. When the studies in the literature were examined, it was determined that there was no scale measuring German Learning Autonomy. In this respect, it was aimed to determine the readiness of German Language Education Department students for autonomous learning and to develop a scale. The research is a scale development study and therefore it is based on quantitative research techniques. Item and factor analyses were carried out with the data collected from teacher candidates studying in 4 different German Language Education Departments at various universities. Regarding the exploratory factor analysis (n = 459), a 21-item and 4-factor structure that explains 48.65% of the total variance was obtained. In the confirmatory factor analysis (n = 451), 2 items were found to be discordant. The final version of the scale consists of 19 items and 4 sub-dimensions: "tactics", "strategies", " sense of responsibility" and "attitude and motivation". Based on the relevant literature, it was concluded that the sub-dimensions and items of the scale were included and supported in the literature. The Cronbach Alpha mean value of the scale was found to be 0.850 in the analysis performed in CFA. As a result, it was determined that the developed scale could be used to measure the readiness of German teacher candidates for German learning autonomy.

Keywords:

Scale development, learner autonomy, Learner Autonomy in Learning German, German language and education, foreign language teaching,

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