ALBERT BORGMANN’IN FENOMENOLOJİK TEKNOLOJİ YAKLAŞIMI: CİHAZ PARADİGMASI VE MİHRAKÎ KAYGILARA ÇAĞRI

XX. yüzyılda özellikle Kıta Avrupası’nın öne çıkan felsefi akımlarından biri olan fenomenolojik yaklaşım, teknoloji konusunda da bir perspektif ortaya koymuştur. Buradan hareketle teknolojilerin deneyimlerimizi nasıl ve ne ölçüde değiştirdiği meselesi konu edinilmiş, bu değişimin anlama ve değere ilişkin etkileri, dünyayla ilişkimizi ne ölçüde etkilediği gibi hususlar üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu çalışma, fenomenoloji geleneğine mensup çağdaş teknoloji felsefecilerinden Albert Borgmann’ın teknolojinin çağdaş yaşamımızı nasıl etkilediğini karakterize ettiği cihaz paradigmasını ve bu paradigmanın ahlâki sonuçlarını konu edinmeyi; cihaz paradigmasının etkisine karşı Borgmann’ın bir öneri olarak sunduğu “mihrakî şeylere ve uygulamalara” yaptığı çağrıyı izah edip değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Teknoloji Felsefesi, Albert Borgmann, Fenomenoloji, Cihaz Paradigması, Mihrakî Şeyler, Mihrakî Pratikler

ALBERT BORGMANN’S PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH TO TECHNOLOGY: THE DEVICE PARADIGM AND HIS CALL FOR FOCAL CONCERNS

Because technology plays an extraordinary role in the contemporary world and affects many spheres of human life, many philosophers have addressed philosophical questions related to the phenomenon of technology and consequently, philosophy of technology has entered philosophy as a new field of philosophical inquiry in the 20th century. The phenomenological approach, one of the prominent trends within continental philosophy in the 20th century, has also developed a perspective on technology and in this context the issues of how and to what extent technology transforms our experience and affects our relation to the world have been discussed. The subjects such as the effects of the technological change on meaning, value and the good life have been elaborated as well. In this study I will explain the device paradigm that shows how Albert Borgmann, one of the contemporary philosophers of technology from phenomenology tradition, analyzes the effects of technology and invites us to see the pervasiveness and patterns of modern technology. Borgmann makes a distinction between devices and things. For him, unlike things that engage us, devices that disengage us and many aspects of human life ignored by the rule of the device paradigm. I will also aim at explain and evaluate his call for focal things and practices against the influence of the device paradigm. According to Borgmann, because technology is silent as to the ends and goods that we desire, in order to reform technology, we need to revive focal things and practices which contain within them “a vision of the good life” unlike the device paradigm.

Keywords:

The Philosophy of Technology, Albert Borgmann, Phenomenology, Device Paradigm, Focal Things, Focal Practices,

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