VOCABULARY TEACHING
Bu makalede, yabancı dilde sözcük öğretimi alanında bilimsel araştırmalara gereksinim olduğu vurgulanmakta ve şu üç araştırma konusu tartışılmaktadır: sözcük öğretim stratejileri, sözcük anlamlarının öğretimi ve sözcük biçimlerinin öğretimi. Sözcük öğretim stratejileri konusunda yapılacak araştrmalar için, yabancı dil öğretmenlerinin öğretim stratejilerini kullanımları ve stratejilerle ilgili görüşlerinin yanısıra strateji etkinliği de araştırma konusu olarak önerilmektedir. Anlam öğretiminde ise olumlu ve olumsuz örnek kullanımının sözcüklerin anlamlarını öğrenmeye olan etkisi, çok anlamlı sözcükleri öğretme stratejileri, anlamsal ve biçimsel olarak ilişkili olan sözcüklerin öğretiminde “çaprazlama” probleminin boyutları ve “hızlı” öğretimin öğrenmeye olan etkisi gibi konuların araştırılması önerilmektedir. Son olarak, sözcük biçimlerinin öğretiminde, biçim öğretiminin anlam öğretimiyle eş zamanlı olup olmaması temel soru olarak sunulmaktadır
Anahtar Kelimeler:
yabancı dil, sözcük öğretimi, öğretim stratejileri, sözcük anlamları, sözcük biçimleri
VOCABULARY TEACHING
This paper stresses the need for empirical research in the area of second language vocabulary teaching. Three issues for research have been discussed: vocabulary teaching strategies, teaching of word meaning, and teaching of wordform. Future research on vocabulary teaching strategies is advised to investigate strategy use and perception by language teachers as well as effectiveness of various teaching strategies. Research on teaching word meaning might test for the effect of using multiple positive examples and negative examples of a concept; the best way to teach polysemous words (i.e. words with multiple meanings), the strength of cross-association among semantically and formally-related words, and learning outcomes from quick teaching. Finally, the main issue for research on form teaching is offered to be the timing of form teaching relative to teaching of meaning
Keywords:
second language, vocabulary teaching, teaching strategies, wordmeaning, word-form,
___
- Allen, V.F. (1983) Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Ahmed, M.O. (1989) Vocabulary learning strategies. In P.Meara (Ed.) Beyond Words (pp.3-14). London: BAAL, in association with Centre for Information on Language Teaching and Research.
- Barcroft, J. (2003) Effects of questions about word meaning during L2 Spanish lexical learning. The Modern Language Journal 87(4), 546-561.
- Chun, D.M. & Plass, J.L. (1996) ‘Effects of multimedia annotations on vocabulary acquisition’. The Modern Language Journal 80(2), 183-198.
- Cross, D. (1991) A Practical Handbook of Language Teaching. London: Longman.
- Fan, M.Y. (2003). Frequency of use, perceived usefulness, and actual usefulness of second language vocabulary strategies: A study of Hong Kong learners. The Modern Language Journal 87(2), 222-241.
- Gairns, R. & Redman, S. (1986) Working With Words. Cambridge: CUP.
- Gu, P.Y. (2003). Vocabulary learning in a second language: Person, task, context, and strategies. TESL-EJ. 7(2), 1-26.
- Gu, P.Y. and Johnson, R.K. (1996). Vocabulary learning strategies and language learning outcomes. Language Learning 46(4), 643-679.
- Kojic-Sabo, I. and Lightbown, P.M. (1999). Students’ approaches to vocabulary learning and their relationship to success. The Modern Language Journal 83(2), 176- 192.
- Kudo, Y. (1999). L2 vocabulary learning strategies. (nflrc network 14) [html document]. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i. Second Language Teaching and Curriculum Center.
- Laufer, B. (1989). A factor of difficulty in vocabulary learning: Deceptive transparency. AILA Review 6, 10-20.
- Lawson, M.J. and Hogben, D. (1996) The vocabulary learning strategies of foreign- language students. Language Learning 46(1), 101-135.
- Lewis, M. (1993) The Lexical Approach. Hove, England: LTP.
- Nation, I.S.P. (2001). Learning Vocabulary in Another Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Nation, I.S.P. (1990). Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Boston: Heinle & Heinle.
- O’Malley, J.M., Chamot, A.U., Stewner-Manzanares, G., Kupper, L. and Russo, R.P. (1985). Learning strategies used by beginning and intermediate ESL students. Language Learning 35(1), 21-46.
- Ozturk, M. (1998) Knowing What a Word Means: Acquisition of Noun Polysemy in English by Turkish Learners. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Reading.
- Pittman, W. (2003) Building vocabulary through prefixes, roots and suffixes. The Internet TESL Journal 9(7). [http://iteslj.org/]
- Sanaoui, R. (1995). Adult learners’ approaches to learning vocabulary in second languages. The Modern Language Journal 79, 15-28.
- Schmitt, N. (1998). Tracking the incremental acquisition of second language vocabulary: A longitudinal study. Language Learning 48(2), 281-317.
- Schmitt, N. (1997). Vocabulary learning strategies. In Schmitt, N. and M.McCarthy (Eds.) Vocabulary: Description, Acquisition, and Pedagogy (pp. 199-227). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Schmitt, N. & Schmitt, D. (1995) Vocabulary notebooks: Theoretical underpinnings and practical suggestions. English Language Teaching Journal 49(2), 133-143.
- Stoffer, I. (1995). University Foreign Language Students’ Choice of Vocabulary Learning Strategies as Related to Individual Difference Variables. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Alabama.
- Read, J. (2004). Research in teaching vocabulary. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 24, 146-161.
- Verspoor, M. & Lowie, W. (2003) Making sense of polysemous words. Language Learning 53(3), 547-586.
- ISSN: 1300-3542
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 2004
- Yayıncı: Ankara Üniversitesi TÖMER