NORMATİF GÜÇ AVRUPA YAKLAŞIMI ÜZERİNDEN AB-RUSYA İLİŞKİLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Bu çalışma ‘normatif güç Avrupa’ yaklaşımını kullanarak AB-Rusya ilişkilerinde nasıl bir etki yarattığını değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmaya göre, uluslararası politikada normali belirleme kapasitesine normatif güç denir. AB için normali belirleme: Kendi normlarını ve değerlerini kullanarak uluslararası politikaya yön verme şeklidir. Çalışmanın temel argümanı: Avrupa’nın normatif gücünü, Rusya’ya karşı daha yumuşak şekilde kullandığıdır. Rusya Putin ile beraber gücünü ve öz güvenini artırır artırmaz uluslararası ilişkilerde normali belirlemek için kendi araçlarını kullanmaktadır. Rusya’nın normali ise eski gücüne kavuşmak için savaş dâhil tüm yöntemlerin kullanılmasıdır. Avrupa Birliği normatif gücünü Rusya’nın komşularına karşı kullanırken, özelliklede eski Sovyetler Birliği üyelerine, AB ve Rusya arasında dayanışmadan ziyade rekabet çıkmaktadır. AB bu ülkeler için demokrasi, sürdürülebilir ekonomi, barış, hukukun temel üstünlüğü ve insan hakları gibi değerleri sunarken Rusya uluslararası arenada daha çok söz sahibi olmak için bu ülkeler üzerinde etkisini arttırma peşindedir. Bu çerçevede, çalışmanın ilk bölümü normatif güç Avrupa konseptini açıklamaktadır. Daha sonra, ikinci bölümde AB ve Rusya arasındaki ilişkiler ve Rusya’nın normatif güç Avrupa karşısındaki tutumu detaylıca sunulmuştur. Son olarak çalışma normatif güç Avrupa’nın, AB ile Rusya arasında dayanışmadan ziyade düşmanlık çıkarttığı sonucuna varmaktadır.

EVOLUTION OF THE EU-RUSSIAN RELATIONS BY USING CONCEPT OF NORMATIVE POWER EUROPE

This study uses the concept of normative power Europe in order to evaluate the efficiency of the concept on the EU-Russia relations. According to the study, normative power is the capacity to determine what is normal in international politics. For the EU, this normality is about using its norms and values to shape the international politics. The main argument of the study is that the EU has used its normative power in a softer way toward Russia. In addition, as soon as Russia has raised its power and has regained its confidence, Russia has tried to use its own tools in order to shape the ‘normal’ in the international affairs. Therefore, for Russia normality refers to using all methods including war in order to regain its old power. The EU and Russia have had rivalry rather than cooperation when the EU has used its normative power towards Russia’s neighbours, particularly toward the pervious member states of the Soviet Union. The EU offers these countries some norms and values such as democracy, sustainable economy, peace, the rule of law, human rights so on. In contrast, Russia tries to raised its power on these countries in order to have a more say in international relations. In this regard, the first part of the study presents the theoretical framework of normative power Europe. Then, the second part elaborates the relations between the EU and Russia and Russia’s reactions to the normative power Europe. Eventually, the study concludes that normative power Europe has led to rivalry between the EU and Russia but not cooperation.

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