This study will carry out a three-pronged (socio-economic conditions, the State of civil society and ethno-religious qualities) assessment of Turkey’s South-Eastem Anatolian Region (so-called Upper Mesopotamia). In the meantime, an attempt will be made to elucidate the signifıcance of Turkey’s Europeanization process for the region, in temıs of moving beyond its problems and improving its current, rather bleak structure. The basis of the positive impact of the Europeanization process draws upon the partial improvements evidenced in the region’s societal structure from 2001 onvvards, which resulted from the wave of fundamental reforms being experienced across the nation in line with EU membership.