Ray Pedi ve Travers Altı Pedlerin Hat Bileşenleri ve Hat Performansı Üzerindeki Etkileri

Bir demiryolu hattının esneme direnci hat performansını önemli ölçüde etkiler. İstenilen esneme direncini hat üzerinde sağlayabilmek için ray pedleri ve travers altı pedlere ihtiyaç duyulur. Ray pedleri, ray ondülasyonlarının engellenmesini ve traverslerin dinamik yük tahribatlarına karşı korunmasını sağlar. Travers altı pedler ise balast tabakasındaki aşınmayı azaltır. Yumuşak ped kullanımı hatta daha eşit bir yük dağılımı sağlarken bir diğer yandan da hat sehimlerini artırır. Bu nedenle, kullanılan pedlerin, maksimum hat performansını sağlayacak şekilde optimum esneme direncine sahip olması gerekir. Bu çalışmada, ray pedleri ve travers altı pedleri kullanımının ray, travers ve balast katmanı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Böylece pedlerin, hat tasarımında göz önünde bulundurulması gereken hususlar üzerindeki etkilerini içeren temel bir kaynak oluşturmak hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elastik pedlerin esneme direncinin, her bir hat katmanı üzerinde gerilme, moment, titreşim ve yer değiştirme kriterleri açısından farklı etkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Yeni inşa edilen veya yenileme çalışması yapılan bir hatta maksimum hat performansının sağlanabilmesi için önerilere yer verilmiştir.

The effects of the Rail Pads and Under Sleeper Pads on the Track Components and Track Performance

Railway track stiffness is a highly effective parameter of track performance. In order to provide desired track stiffness, rail pads and under sleeper pads can be used. These two pads have different impacts on different track layers. Rail pads restrain the improvement of rail corrugations and preserve the sleeper against the dynamic impact loads. Under sleeper pads reduce the attrition of the ballast layer. While soft pads allow even distribution of wheel loads, they also lead to high track deflections. Therefore, pads must have optimum stiffness value that will provide maximum track performance. In this work, the effect of the use of rail pads and under sleeper pads on the rail, sleeper, and ballast layer are investigated. Thereby, it is aimed to create a fundamental resource that covers the effects of pads on the subjects that must be considered in railway track design. As a result, it is observed that the stiffness of the rail pads has different effects in terms of stress, moment, vibration, and movement criteria. Suggestions for providing maximum track performance in a newly constructed track or a track with replacement work are offered.

Keywords:

Rail pad, Under sleeper pad, Track performance, Track stiffness Track components,

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