Yrd. Doç. Dr. S. Zelal Başkan ÜLKÜ, Doç. Dr. İzzet YAVUZ

EKTODERMAL DİSPLAZİLİ HASTALARDA PROTETİK YAKLAŞIMLAR

Uluslararası Ektodermal Displazi Kuruluşu (NFED) ektodermal displaziyi iki veya daha fazla sayıda ektoderm orijinli (deri, tırnak, saç, ter-yağ bezleri ve diş gibi) dokunun gelişim bozukluğuyla karakterize, nadir görülen kalıtsal bir hastalık olarak tanımlamaktadır. Hastalığın neredeyse 200’e yakın tipi tanımlanmıştır. Bu sendromun dental özelliği, süt veya sürekli dişlenmede anadonti veya hipodonti, hipoplastik konik dişler ve az gelişmiş alveolar sırtlar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kalıtsal/gelişimsel hastalık gösteren erken yaştaki hastalarda prostodontistin kompleks fonksiyonel ve estetik restoratif değişiklikler yapması gerekebilir. Dentisyonu normal gelişmeyen ED vakalarında hastaların yaşının çok genç olması nedeniyle protetik tedavi uygulaması önemli bir rol oynar. Aynı zamanda fizyolojik ve psikososyal nedenlerden dolayı da bu hastaların tedavisinin en erken dönemde yapılması çok önemlidir. Hastaya uygun kesin tedavi planı seçenekleri sabit protezler, hareketli bölümlü protezler, implant destekli protezler, tam protezler ve overdenture protezleri veya bunların kombinasyonlarını içermektedir. Bununla birlikte maddi kısıtlamalar veya diğer öncelikler bazen hastaya en uygun tedaviyi seçmeyi engelleyebilir. Tedavi amacı, hastalarda yatay ve dikey iskeletsel ilişkileri ve yüz estetiğini sağlayabilmek için en uygun prostodontik başlangıç noktasını yaratabilmektir. Bunun içinde tedaviyi yapacak olan hekimin hastayı, pedodontik, ortodontik, cerrahi ve protetik yönden değerlendirebilecek bilgiye sahip olması ve hastayla yakın ilişki kurabilmesi gereklidir. Bu derlemede, ED’li hastaların fonksiyonel ve estetik ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak protetik tedavi seçeneklerinin anlatılması amaçlanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ektodermal displazi, protetik rehabilitasyon, anadonti

PROSTHETIC APPROACHES IN ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA PATIENT’S

The National Foundation for Ectodermal Dysplasia (NFED) defines ectodermal dysplasia as a rare congenital disorder characterized by developmental failure of 2 or more ectodermal origin tissues (such as skin, nails, hair, sweat-oil glands and teeth). There are almost 200 common types of the disorder. The dental characteristics of this disorder defined anadontia or hypodontia of the primary or permanent teeth, hypoplastic conical teeth, and underdevelopment of the alveolar ridges. Pediatric patients with congenital/development disorders present the prosthodontist with complex esthetic and functional restorative challenges. Prosthetic treatment can play an important role in the ED cases whose dentition fails to develop normally because of ED patients were very young. At the same time it is very important that dental treatment at an early age for physiologic and psychosocial reasons. The options for aappropiate definitive treatment plan may include fixed prostheses, removable partial dentures, implant-supported prostheses, complete dentures or overdentures, singly or in combination. However, financial constraints and other priorities can prevent patients from choosing the most desirable treatment. The treatment target was to occasion a more favorable starting point for prosthodontic phase of habilitation by improving the sagittal and vertical skeletal relationships and facial esthetics. For this reason the dentist who was to make treatment, should have the sufficient knowledge to evaluate the patient involving pedodontic, orthodontic, surgery and prosthetic aspects. Besides, cooperation with the child and unerstanding of him/her is essential to assure success. In this review we aimed to explain prosthetic treatment alternatives of the ED patient’s for functional and esthetic necessity.

Keywords:

Ectodermal Dysplasia, Prosthodontic, anadonti,

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