1950 Sonrası Türkiye'de Uygulanan Genel Seçim Sistemlerinin Bireysel Tercihlerin Kolektif Tercihlere Yansıması Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı 1950 sonrasında Türkiye'de uygulanan genel seçim sistemlerinin bireysel tercihleri kolektif tercihlere yansıtabilme gücünü, seçim sistemlerinin istikrar ve adalet kriterlerini baz alarak değerlendirmektir. Seçim sistemlerinin temel ilkeleri açıklandıktan sonra genel olarak seçim sistemleri üzerinde durulacak ayrıca 1950 ve 2002 yılları arasında Türkiye'de uygulanan genel seçim sistemlerinin bireysel tercihleri kolektif tercihe yansıtabilme gücü; partilerin oy oranı -mecliste sahip oldukları sandalye oranı ilişkisi, milletvekili başına düşen oy sayısı ve mecliste temsil edilemeyen oyların oranı kriterlerine bağlı olarak incelenmiştir. Seçim sistemlerinin temel ilkeleri olan temsil ve istikrar ilkeleri açısından bakıldığında sadece Milli Bakiye Sistemi'nin bireysel tercihleri kolektif tercihlere yansıtma açısından başarılı olduğu görülmüştür.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the power of the general election systems pursued between the years 1950 and 2002 to reflect individual choices into collective decisions basing on the stabilization and representation principles of election systems. Also, the power of general election systems implemented between the years 1950 and 2002 to reflect individual choices to collective choices was examined based on the relationship between votes of the political parties - the ratio of seats that political parties occupy at the assembly, vote per each representative, and the ratio of votes not represented in the assembly. Research findings suggest that national balance system is the .only system that has success at reflecting individual choices into collective choices with respect to the stabilisation and representation principles which are the fundamental principles of election systems.

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