Muhammad A. MUSA, Abdullahi D. ZAGGA, Ahmed HAMİD OON

Sokoto, Nijerya’da 0-36 ay arası çocukların kranial ölçümleri ve kafa şekillerinin modelleri

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, çocukların kafa şekilleri, kraniyal indeks değerleri kullanılarak araştırıldı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bir yıl boyunca, Çocuk Sağlığı Merkezi, Usmanu Danfodiyo Üniversitesi Eğitim Hastanesi, Sokoto, Nijerya’da, 0-36 aylık 210 normal çocuğun (100 erkek ve 110 kadın) kraniyal uzunluk, kraniyal genişlik ve kraniyal indeksleri standart kranial işaret ve prosedürleri kullanılarak belirlendi. Kafa şekilleri paterni, çalışma katılımcılarından elde edilen kranyal indeks değerleri kullanılarak belirlendi.Bulgular: Kranial uzunluk, kraniyal genişlik ve kraniyal indeks için ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri sırasıyla 13.79 ± 1.79 cm, 10.95 ± 1.39 cm ve 79.49 ± 3.42 idi. Erkek çocukların kraniyal genişlik değerlerinde kız çocuklarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış gözlenmiştir. Bu arada, cinsiyetler arasındaki ortalama kranial uzunluk ve ortalama kraniyal indeks değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Bu çalışmaya göre; erkek çocuklarında baskın kafa şekli tipi Mezosefali (% 31.90), kız çocuklarında Brachysephaly (% 26.19), en az gözlenen kafa şekli ise erkeklerde Hiper-brakisefali (% 1.42) ve kızlarda dolikosefali (% 0.47) idi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada değerlendirilen kranial parametreler, kafatasının ve beynin büyümesinin iyi bir göstergesidir, bu nedenle özellikle doğum sonrası yaşamın ilk üç yılında beyin haraketlerinin zamanlaması ve etyolojisini belirlemede klinik öneme sahip olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kranial ölçümler, kafa şekilleri, çocuklar, Nijerya

Cranial measurements and pattern of head shapes in children (0-36 months) from Sokoto, Nigeria

Purpose: This study investigated the pattern of head shapes in children using cranial index values. Material and Methods: Cranial length, cranial width and cranial index of 210 normal growing children (100 males and 110 females) aged 0 - 36 months old seen at the Institute of Child Health Center, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria over the period of one year were determined using standard cranial landmarks and procedures. The pattern of head shapes was determined using the cranial index values obtained from the study participants. Results: The overall mean and standard deviation values for cranial length, cranial width and cranial index were 13.79±1.79 cm, 10.95±1.39 cm and 79.49±3.42 respectively. A statistically significant increase was observed in the cranial width values of males when compared to that of females. Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant difference observed in the mean cranial length and mean cranial index values between the sexes. As per the present study, the predominant head shape type in males was Mesocephaly (31.90%) and in females, Brachycephaly (26.19%) while the least observed head shape pattern was Hyperbrachycephaly (1.42%) in males and Dolicocephaly (0.47%) in females. Conclusion: Cranial parameters evaluated in this study are good indicators of skull and brain growth, thus can be of clinical importance in determining the timing and etiology of brain insults, especially in the first three years of postnatal life.

Keywords:

ranial measurements, head shapes, children, Nigeria,

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