Burkay YAKAR, Canan SERTDEMİR BATBAŞ, Erhan ÖNALAN, Gamze İÇAÇAN, Mustafa DEMİR

Kronik böbrek hastaları ve sağlıklı bireylerin organ bağışına yönelik tutumları ve ilişkili faktörler

Amaç: Bu çalışma öncelikle bireylerin organ bağışına yönelik tutumları ve ilgili faktörleri araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışmanın bir diğer amacı, organ yetmezliği olan riskli grup ile sağlıklı katılımcılar arasındaki organ bağışı bilgi ve tutum düzeylerini karşılaştırmaktır Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma bir üniversite hastanesinde Mart-Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Çalışmaya 88 sağlıklı (grup 1) ve 56 kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH) olan (grup 2) bireyler dahil edildi. Katılımcıların organ bağışına yönelik tutumları Organ Bağışı Tutum Ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu ile elde edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 144 katılımcı (56 KBH birey, 88 sağlıklı birey) dahil edildi. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarından tüm katılımcıların puanları sırasıyla humanity and moral conviction / beliefs (HMC): 90.70 ± 20.36, fears of medical neglect (FMN): 27.38 ± 11.52 ve fears of bodily mutilation (FBM): 32.03 ± 10.67 idi. Grup 2’de ki katılımcıların insanlık ve ahlaki inanç / inançlar (HMC) boyut puanları ve tıbbi ihmal korkusu (FMN) skorları grup 1'den yüksekti. Organ bağışı tutumlarını etkileyen faktörler cinsiyet ve eğitim düzeyidir. Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz veriler katılımcıların organ bağışı konusundaki istekliliklerinin ve farkındalıklarının düşük olduğunu göstermiştir. Organ bağışı pozitif tutum puanları kadınlarda ve eğitim düzeyi yüksek olanlarda daha yüksek saptandı. Elde ettiğimiz verilere dayanarak potansiyel organ bağışçılarının sayısını artırmak için organ nakli konusunda empati ve bilgi düzeyini arttıracak eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesini önerilebilir.

Attitudes and related factors toward organ donation among relatives of chronic kidney disease patients and healthy individuals

Purpose: The current study firstly aimed at investigating organ donation and related factors. Another aim of the study is to compare the knowledge and attitude levels of organ donation between the risky population with organ failure and healthy participants. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in the tertiary university hospital between March-October 2019. A total of 88 healthy participants (group 1) and 56 participants with chronic kidney disease ((CKD) (group 2)) were included in the study. Organ donation attitudes of participants were measured with Organ Donation Attitudes Scales Turkish Version questionnaire. Result: A total of 144 participants (56 were CKD patients and 88 healthy participants) were included in the study. The scores of all participants from the sub-dimensions of the scale were humanity and moral conviction / beliefs (HMC): 90.70±20.36, fears of medical neglect (FMN): 27.38±11.52 and fears of bodily mutilation (FBM): 32.03±10.67, respectively. Group 2 participants’ humanity and moral conviction/beliefs (HMC) dimension scores were higher than group 1. Group 2 participants’ fears of medical neglect (FMN) score was higher than group 1. Factors affecting organ donation attitudes were gender and education level. Conclusion: Organ donation positive attitude scores were higher in women and those with higher education levels. Our results may suggest developing empathy and education programs on organ transplantation, as a means for increasing the number of potential organ donors.

Keywords:

Organ donation, attitude, tissue and organ procurement, organ transplantation, empathy,

PDF

___

1. World Health Organization. Human organ transplantation [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2019 Jul [cited 2020 March]. Available from: https://www.who.int/transplantation/en/.
2. Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation (GODT). Archive of global reports [Internet]. 2. Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation; 2017 Nov [cited 2020 March]. Available from: http://www.transplant- observatory.org/who-ont/.
3. Turkish Transplant Foundation. Statistics on Organ Donation and Transplantation in Turkey [Internet]. Turkish Transplant Foundation; 2019 Apr [cited 2020 March]. Available from: http://www.tonv.org.tr/tr/organ- bagisi/istatistikler/.
4. Jawoniyi O. Gormley K. McGleenan E. Noble HR. Organ donation and transplantation: Awareness and roles of healthcare professionals-A systematic literature review. J Clin Nurs. 2018;27:e726-38.
5. Rivera Juan Carlos HH, Mojica OD, Mendoza MS, Barbosa LS, Alejandri LS, Rueda RIS, et al. Factors that influence the attitude of the population to be a donor in Mexico. Transplant Proc. 2020;52:1036-41.
6. Patzer R. Amaral S. Klein M. Kutner N. Perryman J. Gazmararian J. et al. Racial disparities in pediatric access to kidney transplantation: does socioeconomic status play a role? Am J Transplant. 2012;12:369-78.
7. Ríos A. López-Navas AI. Sánchez Á. Ayala MA. Garrido G. Sebastián MJ. et al. Multivariate analysis of factors that influence the attitude of the ecuadorian population resident in spain toward living-related kidney donation. Transplant Proc. 2018;50:366-69.
8. Hafzalah M. Azzam R. Testa G. Hoehn KS. Improving the potential for organ donation in an inner city Muslim American community: the impact of a religious educational intervention. Clin Transplant. 2014;28:192-97.
9. Morgan SE. Miller JK. Beyond the organ donor card: the effect of knowledge. attitudes. and values on willingness to communicate about organ donation to family members. Health Commun. 2002;14:121-34.
10. Adanir T. Erdogan I. Hunerli G. Unveren G. Dasci H. Cetin HY et al. Theeffect of psychological support for the relatives of intensive care unit patients on cadaveric organ donation rate. Transplantation Proceedings. 2014;46:3249-52.
11. Coad L. Carter N. Ling J. Attitudes of young adults from the UK towards organ donation and transplantation. Transplant Res. 2013;2:9.
12. Yazici Sayin Y. Turkish validity and reliability of Organ Donation Attitude Scale. J Clin Nurs. 2016;25:642-55.
13. Hangouche AJ, Alaika O, Rkain H, Najdi A, Errguig L, Doghmi N, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of organ donation in Morocco: A cross-sectional survey. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2018;29:1358-65.
14. Hamouda C, Ben Hamida M, Benzarti N, Zouari B. Tunisian survey about organ donation, attitude and opinion? Presse Med. 2010;39:e11-6.
15. Hajjar WM, Bin Abdulqader SA, Aldayel SS, Alfardan AW, Alzaidy NI. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs toward organ donation among social media users. Transplant Proc. 2016;48:2418-22.
16. Luo AJ, Xie WZ, Luo JJ, Ouyang W. Public Perception of cadaver organ donation in Hunan Province, China. Transplant Proc. 2016;48:2571-76.
17. Gungormus Z, Dayapoglu N. The knowledge, attitude and behaviour of individuals regarding organ donation. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2014:13:133-40.
18. Ucgun AB, Basaran O, Uskun E. Organ donation attitudes and affecting factors of adult individuals living in Isparta City center. Smyrna Medical Journal. 2017;3:32-43.
19. Kahveci B, Topal K, Gereklioglu Ç, Aksoy H. Attitudes toward organ donation among relatives of the patients who are being followed up in intensive care and dialysis units. Transplant Proc. 2017;49:1988- 92.
20. Wilczek-Rużyczka E, Milaniak I, Przybyłowski P, Wierzbicki K, Sadowski J. Influence of empathy, beliefs, attitudes, and demographic variables on willingness to donate organs. Transplant Proc. 2014;46:2505-8.
21. Hangouche AJ, Alaika O, R kain H, Najdi A, Errguig L, Doghmi N et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of organ donation in Morocco: A cross-sectional survey. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2018;29:1358-65.
22. Alsharidah D, Al-Dossari F, AlMahmoud N, Alanzan BA, Binkhulaif RJ, Bakhsh EM et al. Assessment of knowledge and attitude toward organ donation among the Saudi population in Riyadh City. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2018;29:1326-32.
23. Iqbal MM, Hossain RM, Hossain K, Faroque MO, Islam S, Iqbal S et al. Knowledge, attitude, and perception about renal transplantation of CKD patients, caregivers, and general population. Transplant Proc. 2018;50:2323-26.
24. Ríos A, López-Navas AI, Sánchez Á, Ayala MA, Garrido G, Sebastián MJ et al. Multivariate analysis of factors that influence the attitude of the Ecuadorian population resident in Spain toward living-related kidney donation. Transplant Proc. 2018;50:366-69.
25. Hafzalah M, Azzam R, Testa G, Hoehn KS. Improving the potential for organ donation in an inner city Muslim American community: the impact of a religious educational intervention. Clin Transplant. 2014;28:192-7.
26. Tanrıverdi G, Bedir E, Seviğ Ü. The effect of gender on health related attitudes and behaviors. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2007;6:435- 40.
27. Ríos A, Cascales P, Martínez L, Sánchez J, Jar vis N, Parrilla P et al. Emigration from the British Isles to southeastern Spain: a study of attitudes toward organ donation. Am J Transplant. 2007;7:2020-30.
28. Barcellos FC, Araujo CL, da Costa JD. Organ donation: a population-based study. Clin Transplant. 2005;19:33-7.
29. Adanir T, Erdogan I, Hunerli G, Unveren G, Dasci H, Cetin HY, et al. The effect of psychological support for the relatives of intensive care unit patients on cadaveric organ donation rate. Transplant Proc. 2014;46:3249-52.