Farklı Gestasyonel Aşama Gruplarında Insan Dalağının Mikroskopik Görüntüsü: Fetal Histolojik Çalışma

Amaç: Dalak fagositoz ve immün cevap ile ilgili bir organdır. Mikroskobik olarak dalağın kapsül ve parankim yapıları vardır. Dalağın parankimal dokusu beyaz ve kırmızı pulpa kısımlarından oluşur. Bu çalışmada farklı gestasyonel aşamalarda, fetüs dalağının detaylı mikroskobik görüntüsünü ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmaktadır. Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma, Manipal, Kasturba tıp fakültesi anatomi bölümünde, gestasyonel aşaması (GA) bilinen 15 insan fetüsü ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dalak kesitleri hematoksilen ve eosin ile boyanmış ve ışık mikroskobunda görüntülenmiştir. Bulgular: Dalağın mikroskobik anatomisi farklı gestasyonel aşamalarda incelenmiştir. İlk trimesterdeki dalak kapsül ile çevrilidir. Lenfoid agregasyonlar herhangi bir kırmızı pulpa farklılaşması olmadan tüm dalak boyunca gözlenmiştir. İkinci trimesterda lenfoid agregasyonlar 20. haftadan itibaren periarteriol lenfoid kılıf oluşturmak üzere merkezi arteriol etrafında farklılaşmaya başlamıştır. Kırmızı pulpada açıkça KKH’leri ve sinüzoidler, beyaz pulpada ise 23. haftadan itibaren lenfoid foliküller görülmektedir. Üçüncü trimestersde kırmızı ve beyaz pulpa açıkça görülmektedir. 30. Haftadan itibaren merkezi arteriol ile iyi gelişmiş lenfoid foliküller görülmektedir. 36. Haftada merkezi arteriol, lenfoid folikülün periferinde görülmektedir. Sonuç: Dalağın normal gelişiminin anlaşılmasında, parenkimal ve vasküler bileşenlerin gelişiminin detaylı tanımlanması önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Dalak, kırmızı pulpa, beyaz pulpa, merkezi arteriol, doku oluşumu

Microscopic Appearance of Human Spleen at Different Gestational Age Groups: A Fetal Histological Study

Purpose: Spleen is concerned with phagocytosis and immune response. Microscopically the spleen has a capsule and parenchyma. The parenchymal tissue of the spleen consists of white pulp and red pulp. The present study is an attempt to reveal the detailed microscopic appearance of spleen in fetuses at various gestational ages. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out on 15 human fetuses) of known gestational age (GA) in the department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. The sections of the spleen were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin and were observed under light microscope. Results: The microscopic anatomy of the spleen was observed at different gestational age. At first trimester the spleen was covered with a capsule. The lymphoid aggregations were observed throughout the spleen without any well differentiated red pulp. At second trimester the lymphoid aggregations started differentiating around the central arteriole forming the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath by 20 weeks. The red pulp was distinctly observed containing the RBCs and sinusoids and the white pulp containing lymphoid follicles were observed by 23rd week. At third trimester distinct red and white pulp was observed. By 30th week well developed lymphoid follicles with central arteriole were seen. At 36 weeks the central arteriole was seen at the periphery of the lymphoid follicle. Conclusion: A detailed description of the development of parenchymal and vascular components is essential in understanding the normal development of spleen.

Keywords:

Spleen, red pulp, white pulp, central arteriole, histogenesis,

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