Hatice PARS, Melike BAŞ, Nebahat Bora Güneş, Ayşe Tülay Bağcı Bösi

Emzirmenin başlatılması ve devamlılığı ile ilişkili faktörler

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, emzirmenin başlatılması/sürdürülmesi ile sosyo-demografik, yaşam tarzı, klinik ve emzirme sürecine yönelik özellikler arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma Türkiye’de yer alan 3 merkezde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Emzirmenin başlatılması, sadece anne sütü alımı ve bunları etkileyebilecek faktörlere ilişkin yarı yapılandırılmış bir anket kullanılarak veriler 360 anne ile yüzyüze görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Annenin yaş ortalaması 28 5.36 yıl, ortalama doğum sayısı 2, vajinal doğum sıklığı %56.9 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bebeklerin% 43.6'sının emzirmeye erken sürede (ilk 1 saat) başladığı, çoğunluğunun (%78) 4-6 ayda ek gıdalara başladığı ve bunların yaklaşık yarısında (% 49.6) süt ve süt ürünlerinin ilk ek gıda olduğu tespit edildi. Doğum şekli, emzirme eğitimi alma durumu ve ilk beslenme yönteminin sadece anne sütü olması bebeğin son 24 saatte anne sütü ile beslenme ve sadece anne sütü alma durumunu etkilemiştir. Doğum şekli (vajinal), gebelikte komplikasyon olması, anne-bebek birlikteliği ve emzirme eğitimi, emzirmenin başlatılması ve sürdürülmesinde önemli bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Emzirme çeşitli faktörlerden etkilenebilmektedir. Sağlık çalışanları annelerin emzirmeye karar vermesinde, emzirmenin başlatılmasında ve emzirmenin sürüdürülmesinde etkili olan önemli kişilerdir. En üst düzeyde tıbbi bakım sağlayan ve doğum sonrası anne-bebek birlikteliğini destekleyen bebek dostu hastanelerin kurulmalı, emzirme eğitimleri artırılmalı ve devamlılığı sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Emzirme, anne sütü, çocuk, anne, risk faktörler

Factors associated with the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the relationship between initiation/continuation of breastfeeding and socio-demographic, lifestyle-related, clinical and lactation-related factorsMaterials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in Turkey. A total of 360 mothers with children aged 0-24 months underwent face-to-face interview, using a structured questionnaire about the initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive and any breastfeeding, as well as potentially related characteristics and factors. Results: The mean age of mother was 28  5.36 years; the mean of parity was two years; and the percentage of vaginal birth frequency was 56.9. It was found out that 43.6% of babies were initiated early to breastmilk, the majority of the babies (78%) started additional food at 4-6 months and the first additional food started to be milk in the majority (49.6%). Mode of birth, breastfeeding information and first feeding style (exclusive breastmilk) affected babys’ feeding style in the last 24 hours. Mode of childbirth (vaginal), complicated pregnancy and birth, rooming-in, and breastfeeding information were found to be important for the initiation and continued breastfeedin.Conclusion: Breastfeeding practice is influenced by a variety of factors. Health professionals are significant people who are effective in women’s decision to breastfeed, to start breastfeeding and continue to breastfeed. Baby-friendly hospitals, which provide the highest level of medical care and which support rooming-in after delivery, must be established and training on breastfeeding should be increased and maintained.

Keywords:

Breastfeeding, breast milk,

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