Anneden Bebeğe HIV Geçişinin Önlenmesi

Türkiye’de insan immün yetmezlik virüs HIV enfeksi- yonu çok sık görülmemesine karşın, vaka sayısı giderek artmaktadır. Çocuklarda HIV enfeksiyonununda en önemli bulaş perinatal geçiş yoluyla olmaktadır. Anneden bebeğe perinatal geçişi, doğum öncesi, sırası ve sonra- sında alınacak önlemler ile azaltmak mümkündür. Bu önlemler gebelik boyunca antiretroviral tedavi alma, doğumun 38. haftada sezaryen ile yapılması, bebeğe doğum sonrası antiretroviral profilaksi verilmesi ve anne sütü almama şeklinde özetlenebilir. Perinatal HIV enfeksiyonu bulaş oranı hiç tedavi almayan annelerde %12-40 iken standart perinatal profilaksi ile %3’ten, tam viral baskılanma sağlandığında da %1’den daha az oranlara iner. Bu derlemede, bir pediyatrik HIV merke- zindeki anneden bebeğe perinatal geçişi önleme strateji- lerinden bahsedildi

Anahtar Kelimeler:

HIV, perinatal geçiş, HIV ile temaslı bebek

Prevention of Mother to Child Transmisson of HIV Infection

Despite the rare prevalence of Human İmmunedeficiency Virus HIV infection in Turkey, the number of new cases are rising, year by year. The most common route for trans- mission of HIV infection to children is by perinatal way; thus it can be prevented by special methods if applied pro- perly during peripartum and postnatal periods. Antiretroviral therapy ART during pregnancy, birth by elective cesarian section at 38. weeks of gestational age, ART applied to baby just after birth and cessation of bre- astfeeding are the most important strategies for prevention of mother to child transmission PMTCT of HIV infection. The risk for perinatal HIV transmission is 12-40% in unt- reated mothers whereas this ratio drops to 3% by standart perinatal prophylaxis and less than 1% in the case when total viral supression is enabled. This review is the sugges- ted summary of PMTCT strategies in a pediatric HIV cli- nic

Keywords:

HIV, perinatal transmission, HIV exposed infant,

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