Yeşil Mutabakat Kapsamında Pestisit Yönetimi ve Türkiye

Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB) 2030 yılı iklim hedefi planını içeren Yeşil Mutabakat (YM) 2019 yılında kabul edilmiştir. Böylelikle, birlik iklim-nötr taahhüdünü ve net emisyon azaltma hedefini mevzuatla bağlayıcı hale getirmiştir. Kapsamda yer alan 7 stratejiden ikisi sürdürülebilir gıda üretimine yöneliktir. Bu bağlamda tarımsal üretimde kullanılan bitki koruma ürünleri olan pestisitlerin sürdürülebilir kullanımı önemlidir. Makalede, AB’nin Mutakabatın kabulü ile pestisit yönetimi konusundaki uygulamaları, ilgili güncel mevzuattaki düzenlemeleri, 2030 yılına kadar ortaya konan stratejiler doğrultusunda pestisit kullanımına getirdiği kısıtlamalar anlatıldıktan sonra, pestisit kullanımından kaynaklanan risklerin yönetilmesine ve raporlanmasına imkân verecek Uyumlaştırılmış Risk Göstergelerine değinilmiştir. Hesaplanan ve analiz edilen risk göstergeleri, hedefleri, yaklaşımları ve uygulamalarına da yer verilmiştir. Türkiye’de halen yürürlükte olan bitki koruma ürünlerine ilişkin mevzuat ile birlikte pestisit kullanım miktarları da karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir. Ülkemizde uygulamalardaki sorunlar güncel AB düzenlemeleri de göz önüne alınarak tartışılmıştır. Ayrıntılı pestisit kullanım envanterinin oluşturulamaması ve kalıntı sorunu halihazırda en öne çıkan sorunlardır. Bu kapsamda ülkemizde yapılması önerilen iyileştirilmelere de değinilmiştir.

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