Asghar AMANPOUR, Fatma ÇELİK, Sevde KAHRAMAN, Büşra ÇINAR

Mavi Işık Maruziyetinin Sirkadiyen Ritim ve Beslenme Üzerindeki Etkisi

Latin dilinde circa: yaklaşık, dies: bir gün karşılığındadır. Sirkadiyen ritim, 24 saatte bir kendini tekrar eden periyodik kalıplardır. Sirkadiyen ritimler günlük ritimlerden farklı olarak endojen olarak üretilir ve dış zaman işaretleri olmasa bile kendilerini devam ettirir. Bu sistemin yürütücüsü, ön hipotalamusun suprakiazmatik nükleusta (SCN) bulunan ana saattir. Mavi renk olarak algılanan kısa dalga boyları, çoğu biyolojik ve psikolojik ritim dahil olmak üzere sirkadiyen sistem için en güçlü senkronize edici ajandır. Diğer uyarıcılar; sıcaklık, yemek yeme/açlık, dinlenme/aktivite ve sosyal ipuçlarıdır fakat bu uyarıcıların etkileri ışık ile karşılaştırıldığında çok daha zayıftır. Sirkadiyen ritim organizmaların ideal fonksiyonu için önemlidir. Sirkadiyen uyku-uyanıklık bozuklukları veya kronik yanlış hizalanma sıklıkla psikiyatrik ve nörodejeneratif hastalıklara yol açabilmektedir. Nispeten yakın tarihli teknolojik, beslenme ve yaşam tarzı gibi çevresel değişiklikler, birçok bireyi sirkadiyen sistem bozukluklarına yatkın kılmaktadır. Yapay aydınlatma, yüksek hızlı trans-meridyen hareketi ile indüklenen jet-lag, vardiyalı çalışma ve enerji içeriği yüksek yiyeceklere yirmi dört saat erişim, sirkadiyen sistemi düzensiz hale getirerek modern toplumların sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkileyebilecek birkaç faktördür. Mavi ışığa maruz kalma ise gün içinde organizmanın refahını, uyanıklığını ve bilişsel performansını korumak için önemli olsa da, yatmadan hemen önce düşük yoğunluklu mavi ışığa kronik maruziyetin uyku kalitesi, sirkadiyen faz ve döngü süreleri üzerinde ciddi etkileri olabilmektedir. Modern toplumda sosyal jet-lag ve gece mavi ışığa maruz kalma artışı, sirkadiyen yanlış hizalama ve uyku bozukluklarının önemli sağlık sorunları olarak ortaya çıktığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sirkadiyen ritim, Mavi ışık, Beslenme, Melatonin, Metabolizma, Sirkadiyen bozulma

Blue Light Exposure Effect on Circadian Rhythm and Nutrition

Circadian rhythm, comes from circa: approximate and dies: one day in Latin language, periodically repeats itself every 24 hours. Unlike daily rhythms, circadian rhthyms are produced endogenously and they maintain themselves even without external time signs. At the head of this system, there is a main clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus. Short wave lengths perceived as blue color are the strongest synchronizing agent for the circadian system which synchronizes most of the biological and psychological rhythms internally. Other stimulants are temperature, hunger-satiety, rest, physical activity and environmental effects. However, the effects of these stimulants are much weaker compared to light. Circadian rhythm is important for the optimal function of organisms and circadian sleep-wake disorders or chronic misalignment can oftan lead to psychiatric and neuro degenerative disease. Relatively recent environmental changes such as technology, diet, and lifestyle make many people prone to circadian system disruption. Artificial lighting, jet-lag, shift work and 24 hours Access to high-energy foods are a few factors that can negatively affect the health of modern societies by disrupting the circadian rhythm. While exposure to blue light is important to maintain the organism's well-being, alertness and cognitive performance during the day, chronic exposure to low-intensity blue light just before bed time can have serious effects on sleep quality, circadian phase and cycle times. In modern society, social jet-lag and nocturnal blue light exposure indicate that circadian misalignment and sleep disturbances have emerged as major health problems.

Keywords:

Circadian rhythm, Blue light, Nutrition, Melatonin, Metabolism, Circadian disruption,

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