Kurumsal Mantıkların Örgütsel Alanlarda Yapılanma Süreci: Türk Deniz Ticareti Sektörü Örneği

Bu makalede, Türk deniz ticareti örgütsel alanının Cumhuriyet Dönemindeki tarihsel seyri, kurumsal değişim ve kurumsal mantıklar çerçevesi dâhilinde, arşiv taraması, tarihsel inceleme, mülâkat gibi niteliksel analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak incelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, devlet kurumlarının oluşum aşaması olan Cumhuriyet’in ilânının ertesindeki yıllarda genel itibarıyla devletçi ve geleneksel uygulamaların etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Diğer taraftan, 1950’li yıllar, özel teşebbüsün sektörde etkisinin hissedilmeye başlandığı ve ilk dışa açılma faaliyetlerinin gözlemlendiği dönem olarak göze çarpmakla birlikte, bu yıllarda anılan örgütsel alanda henüz tam anlamıyla bir özel sektör kurumsal mantığından bahsetmek mümkün bulunmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, ülkemizde 1980’li yıllarda başlayan liberalleşme politikalarının Türk deniz ticareti sektörü üzerindeki etkileri, 1990’lı yıllarda görülmeye başlamaktadır. 2000’li yıllar ise, sektördeki liberalleşme, özelleştirme ve uluslararasılaşmanın artış gösterdiği dönem olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Dolayısıyla, Türk deniz ticareti sektörü özelinde, Cumhuriyet Döneminde, geleneksel kamu mantığından uzaklaşılarak piyasa ilişkilerinin hâkim olduğu modern mantığa doğru bir geçiş yaşandığı görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türk deniz ticareti, örgütsel alanlar, kurumsal kuram, kurumsal mantıklar, kurumsal değişim

The Structuring Process of Institutional Logics in Organizational Fields: The Case of Turkish Maritime Trade Sector

In this article, the historical course of the Turkish maritime trade field in the Republic Era has been examined within the framework of institutional change and institutional logics, using qualitative analysis methods such as archival scanning, historical analysis, and interviews. Within this context, it has been concluded that in the years following the proclamation of the Republic, which was the stage of the establishment of state institutions, the statist and traditional practices were generally in effect. On the other hand, although the 1950s stand out as the period when the influence of the private enterprise began and the first international activities were observed in the sector, it is not yet possible to talk about a complete private sector institutional logic in the field. Nevertheless, the effects of the liberalization policies in the 1980s on the Turkish maritime trade sector were observed during the 1990s. The 2000s, on the other hand, stand out as the period in which liberalization, privatization and internationalization in the sector increased. Therefore, in the Turkish maritime trade sector in particular, it has been seen that there has been a transition from the traditional public logic towards a modern logic dominated by market relations in the Republic Era.

Keywords:

Turkish maritime trade sector, organizational fields, institutional theory, institutional change, institutional logics,

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