Optoelektronik Uygulamalar için $Nb^{+5}$ Katkılı Çinko Borat Camların Sentezi ve Optik, Termal ve Yapısal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada niyobyum pentaoksit $(Nb_2O_5)$ katkılı yüksek oranda çinko oksit (ZnO) içeren çinko borat (ZnB) oksit camlar yüksek sıcaklıkta eritme tavlama yöntemi ile başarıyla sentezlenmiştir. Sentezlenen camlara ait yapısal karakterler diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetre (DSC) ve Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile belirlenmiştir. DSC verilerine göre camsı geçiş$(T_g)$, kristallenme $(T_c)$, erime $(T_m)$ sıcaklıkları ve termal kararlılıklar $(\Delta {T})$ belirlenerek Nb2O5 değişimiyle ilgisi açıklanmıştır. DSC verilerine göre Tg, $(Nb_2O_5)$ konsantrasyonunun artışıyla 560oC’den 555oC’ye; Tc, 681oC’den 657oC’ye düşmüştür. Sentezlenen cam numunelerin termal kararlılığı ise $(Nb_2O_5)$ artışıyla 121oC’den 102oC’ye düşmüştür. FTIR verilerine göre borun ve çinkonun yapısal birimleri açıklanmıştır. Borun cam matrisini $B_3, BO_4$ ve boroksol halka yapısal birimleriyle oluşturduğu, çinkonun ise cam matrisine tetrahedral $ZnO_4$ ve oktahedral $ZnO_6$ yapısal birimleri ile katkıda bulunduğu, niobyumun yapıda düzenleyici görev üstlendiği belirlenmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda niyobyumun cam ağında oktahedral $NbO_6$ biriminde bulunduğu gözlenmiştir. $(Nb_2O_5)$’in en belirgin biçimde değiştirdiği özelliklerin başında optik özellikler gelmektedir. Direkt ve indirekt optik bant aralığı, Urbach enerjisi, kırılma indisi üzerinde çalışılmış, geçirgenlik spektrumda çok net olmayan kaymalar gözlenmiştir. Optik bant aralığı $(Nb_2O_5)$ artışıyla azaldığı, Urbach enerjisinin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sentezlenen numunelere ait yoğunluk, molar hacim ayrıca incelenmiş ve $(Nb_2O_5)$ konsantrasyonundaki artışın yoğunluk ve molar hacim değerlerini belirgin bir biçimde arttırdığı görülmüştür.

Synthesis of $Nb^{+5}$ Doped Zinc Borate Glasses for Optoelectronic Applications and Determination of Optical, Thermal and Structural Properties

In this study, niobium pentoxide $(Nb_2O_5)$ doped zinc borate (ZnB) oxide glasses containing high amounts of zinc oxide (ZnO) were synthesized successfully with melt-quenching method. Structural characteristics of synthesized glasses were determined with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Glass transition $(T_g)$, crystallization $(T_c)$, melting $(T_m)$ temperatures and thermal stabilities $(\Delta {T})$ were determined with DSC data; their relationship with $(Nb_2O_5)$ concentration change was explained. Accordingto DSC data, $(T_g)$ and $(T_c)$ reduced to 555oC from 560oC and to 657oC from 681oC, respectively with increasing concentration of $(Nb_2O_5)$. Thermal stability of glass samples reduced to 102oC from 121oC with increasing $(Nb_2O_5.)$ Structural units of boron and zinc were explained with FTIR data. Boron was determined to establish glass matrix with structural units of $B_3, BO_4$ and boroxol ring, zinc contributed to the glass matrix with its $ZnO_4$ and octahedral $ZnO_6$ structural units, and niobium acted as modifier within the structure. Our data showed that niobium was present in the glass network, mostly within the octahedral $NbO_6$ unit. Optical properties are among the most significantly altered properties in response to $(Nb_2O_5)$. Direct and indirect optical band gaps, Urbach energies, and refractive indices were studied, and unclear shifts were observed in the transmittance spectrum. We observed that optical band gap decreased and Urbach energy increased with increasing amount of $(Nb_2O_5)$. Densities and molar volumes of synthesized glasses were also examined we observed that increase in $(Nb_2O_5)$ concentrations significantly led to increase in density and molar volume values.

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