Ücret Eşitsizliği ve Ücretin Sosyoekonomik Belirleyenleri: İstanbul Örneği

Literatürde ücret eşitsizliği kavramının temelde iki ana unsurun varlığından kaynaklandığı ileri sürülmektedir. İlki piyasa aksaklıkları, ikincisi ise bireylerin sahip oldukları nitelik farklılıklarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı söz konusu farklılıklardan hareketle literatürdeki temel insan sermayesi modelini kullanarak ücret farklılığına neden olan sosyoekonomik değişkenleri analiz etmektir. 2015 yılı içerisinde İstanbul genelinde uygulanan tüketici davranışı anketi sonuçları bağlamında temel modeli destekler nitelikte; eğitim seviyesi ve deneyim arttıkça alınan ücretin de farklılaştığı görülmektedir. İlgili modelin yanı sıra uyguladığımız genişletilmiş modeller sanayi sektöründe çalışanların hizmet sektöründekilere göre daha fazla ücret aldığını, kadınların erkeklere nazaran iş gücüne katılımının daha az olduğunu ve aynı eğitim seviyelerinde olmalarına rağmen erkeklere göre daha düşük ücret aldıklarını göstermektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ücret Eşitsizliği, İnsan Sermayesi Modeli, Gelir Farklılıkları

Wage Discrimination and Socioeconomic Determinants of Wage: A Case Study in Istanbul

In the economics literature, wage discrimination is mainly explained by the presence of two factors. One of them is market imperfections, and the other is quality differences between individuals. This paper aims to identify the socioeconomic determinants of wage differentials by using the basic human capital model. Based on a consumer behavior survey applied throughout Istanbul in 2015, it points out that wage tends to increase with educational level and experience, a finding supportive of the basic model. Besides, workers in the industrial sector are paid higher than those in the service sector. Moreover, empirical findings of the extended models underline the role of gender in both labor force particification and wage differantials. Women are less likely to participate in the labor force and they are paid substantially lower even when controlled for education

Keywords:

Wage Discrimination, The Human Capital Model, Income Differantials,

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