Boya-Terbiye Bölümlerinde Kullanılan Reaktif Boyarmaddeler, Tehlikeleri, Oluşabilecek Riskler ve Çalışan Sağlığına Etkileri: Derleme

Boyahaneler, tekstil işletmelerinin en kritik ve en fazla tehlikeli kimyasal maddelerin kullanıldığı bölümlerin başında gelir. Bu bölümlerde çok farklı kimyasal maddeler ve prosesler kullanılarak müşterinin bir tekstil materyalinden beklentilerini karşılayabilmek için çeşitli işlemler yapılmaktadır. Özellikle kumaşlara tutum, tuşe, görünüm, renk vb. özellikleri burada kazandırılır. Bu çalışmada, çevre ve insan sağlığı için zararlı olduğu bilinen ve son yıllarda çok miktarda kullanılmaya başlayan reaktif boyarmaddelerin (RB) çalışan sağlığına yapabileceği olumsuz etkiler araştırılmıştır. Özellikle RB’in tozlarının uzun süreli maruziyetleri sonucu çalışanlarda astım, saman nezlesi, gözlerin ve yüzün şişmesi gibi solunum yolu alerjilerinin meydana geldiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışma, boyahanelerde çok fazla miktarda kullanılan RB tozlarının işyeri ortam havasına yayılarak çalışan sağlığı üzerine yapmış olduğu olumsuz etkiler ve bunlardan korunma yolları ve yöntemleri esas alınarak yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma, ilgili tozları teneffüs eden çalışanların mesleki astım, dermatit, rinit gibi sağlık sorunlarına neden olması bizler özellikle dikkat etmemiz gerektiğini düşündürtmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Reaktif boyarmaddeler, çalışan sağlığı, tehlikeli tozlar, boyahane

The Reactive Dyestuffs Used in Dyehouse, Their Dangers, Possible Risks and Their Effects on Employee Health: Review

Keywords:

Reaktif boyarmaddeler, çalışan sağlığı, tehlikeli tozlar, boyahane Reaktif boyarmaddeler, çalışan sağlığı, tehlikeli tozlar, boyahane,

PDF

___

Alanko, K., Keskinen, H., Björksten F., & Ojanen, S. (1978). “Immediate-type hypersensitivity to reactive dyes”. ClinicalAllergy, 8, 25-31.
Baur, X. (2013). “A compendium of causative agents of occupational asthma”. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 8, 15. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-8-15
Chaari, N., Amri, C., Allagui, I., Bouzgarrou, L., Henchi, M. A., Bchir, N., Akrout, M., & Khalfallah, T. (2011). “Work Related Asthma in the Textile Industry”. Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery, 5, 1, 37-44(8). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2174/187221311794474838
Chavan, R. B. (2011). “Handbook of Textile and Industrial Dyeing”. Environmentally friendly dyes, 515-561. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857093974.2.515
Chavan, R. B. (2013). “Health and environmental hazards of synthetic dyes”. Textile review magazine, Retrieved from https://static.fibre2fashion.com/ArticleResources/PdfFiles/70/6909.pdf
Docker, A., Wattie, J. M., Topping, M. D., Luczynska, C. M., Newman Taylor, A. J., Pickering, C. A., Thomas, P., & Gompertz, D. (1987). “Clinical and immunological investigations of respiratory disease in workers using reactive dyes”. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 44(8), 534–541. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.44.8.534
Estlander, T. (1988). “Allergic dermatoses and respiratory diseases from reactive dyes”. Contact Dermatitis, 18, 290-297. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02836.x
Hassaan, M. A., & El Nemr, A. (2017). “Health and Environmental Impacts of Dyes: Mini Review”. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 1(3), 64-67. Retrieved from doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20170103.11. Health and Safety Executive, HSE, Dyes and chemicals in textile finishing: An introduction. Dyeing and Finishing Information Sheet No 1- HSE information sheet. Retrieved from https://www.hse.gov.uk/textiles/dyes-dyeing.htm (Erişim: 25 Mayıs 2022).
Internet: https://www.hse.gov.uk/textiles/dyes-dyeing.htm (08/06/2022)
Internet:https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Reactive-Black-5#section=GHS-Classification (08.06.2022)
Islam, M. R., & Mostafa, M. G. (2018). “Textile Dyeing Effluents and Environment Concerns-A Review”. Journal of Environmental Science & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 131-144. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v11i1-2.43380
Javaid, R., & Qazi, U. Y. (2019). "Catalytic Oxidation Process for the Degradation of Synthetic Dyes: An Over-view". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(11), 2066. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112066
Jones, M., Graham, C., Taylor, A. N., Sarlo, K., Hoyle, V., & Karol, M. H. (1998). “Immunologic cross-reactivity between respiratory chemical sensitizers: Reactive dyes and cyanuric chloride”. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 102, 5, 835-840. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-6749(98)70025-9
JungJin, H., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. E., Ye, Y. M., Park, H. S. (2011). “Occupational Asthma Induced by the Reactive Dye Synozol Red-K 3BS”. Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research, 3, 3, 212-214. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2011.3.3.212
Lewis, D. M. (2014). “Developments in the chemistry of reactive dyes and their application procesess”. Coloration Technology, 130, 6, 382-412. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/cote.12114
Luczynska, C. M., & Topping, M. D. (1986). “Specific IgE anti bodies to reactive dye-albumin conjugates”. Journal of Immunological Methods, 95, 2, 177-186. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(86)90404-7
Malo, J. L., & Chan-Yeung, M. (2009). “Agents causing occupational asthma”. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 123, 3, 545-550. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2008.09.010.
McCann, M., & Babin, A. (2008). “Health Hazards Manuel for Artists”. The Lyons Press, Guilford, Connecticut.
Motschi, H. (2000). “ETAD guidance on hazard labelling of reactive dyes”. Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists, 116, 251-252.
Nilsson, R., Nordlinder, R., Wass, U., Meding, B., & Belin, L. (1993). “Asthma, rhinitis, and dermatitis in workers exposed to reactive dyes”. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 50, 65-70.
Park, H. S., Lee, M. K., Kim, B. O., Lee, K. J., Roh, J. H., Moon, Y. H., & Hong, C. S. (1991). “Clinical and immunologic evaluations of reactive dye-exposed workers”. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 87, 3, 639-649. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(91)90382-X
Park, H. W., Kim, D. I., Sohn, S. W., Park, C. H., Kim, S. S., Chang, Y. S., Min, K. U., Kim, Y. Y., & Cho, S. H. (2007). “Outcomes in occupational asthma caused by reactive dye after long-term avoidance”. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 37, 2, 225-230. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02641.x
Romano, C., Sulotto, F., Pavan, I., Chiesa, A., & Scansetti, G. (1992). “A New Case of Occupational Asthma From Reactive Dyes With Severe Anaphylactic Response to the Specific Challenge”. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 21, 209-216.
Svedman, C., Engfeldt, M., Malinauskiene, L. (2019). “Textile Contact Dermatitis: How Fabrics Can Induce Dermatitis”. Currunt Treatment Options in Allergy, 6:103–111. Retrieved from DOI 10.1007/s40521-019-0197-5.
Tang, A. Y. L., Lo, C. K. Y., & Kan, C. (2018). “Textile dyes and human health: a systematic and citation network analysis review”. Coloration Technology, 134, 245–257. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/cote.12331
Thoren, K., Meding, B., Nordlinger, R., & Belin, L. (1986). “Contact dermatitis and asthma from reactive dyes”. Contact Dermatitis, 15, 186–193. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1986.tb01323.x
Wattie, J. M. (1987). “A study into respiratory disease in dyehouse operatives exposed to reactive dyes”. Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists, 103, 304–307. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1987.tb01124.x
Wilkinson, S. M., & McGechaen, K. (1996). “Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from reactive dyes”. Contact Dermatitis, 35, 6, 376.