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PAYLAŞIM EKONOMİSİNE DAYALI OTOMOBİL PAYLAŞIM HİZMETLERİ ÜZERİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Paylaşım, malların değişimi ve hediye verme için alternatif bir dağıtım şekli olarak ifade edilmektedir. Alternatif türleri ile karşılaştırıldığında, paylaşım topluluğu teşvik edebilmekte, kaynakları kurtarabilmekte ve belirli sinerjiler yaratabilmektedir. İnternet hizmetlerinin ve akıllı telefonların kullanımının artması, küreselleşme ve kentleşme, e-ticaret hacminin artması, çevrimiçi ödemelere olan güvenin artması, küresel ekonomik kriz, genel tutumlardaki değişimler ve tüketimde sürdürülebilirliğe daha fazla dikkat edilmesi gibi birçok faktör, son yıllarda paylaşım ekonomisinin gelişmesine yol açmıştır. Paylaşım ekonomisi, insanlara kaynakları verimli kullanma ve boşta bekledikleri zamanlarda en çok ihtiyaç duyulan yerlere dağıtma imkânı sağlamaktadır. Paylaşım ekonomisinin önemli alanlarından birisi olan paylaşımlı ulaşım şehirleşmenin artması, sahiplik maliyetlerinin yükselmesi ve tüketim alışkanlıklarının değişmesinden ötürü hızla büyümektedir. Paylaşımlı ulaşım hizmetlerinin farklı türleri olsa da, Türkiye'de en yaygın olanı otomobil paylaşım hizmetleridir. Paylaşım ekonomisine dayalı otomobil paylaşım hizmetlerine yönelik yapılan bu kavramsal çalışmada derinlemesine literatür incelemesi yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda ilk olarak paylaşım ekonomisi kavramı ve önemi üzerinde durulmakta, sonrasında paylaşımlı ulaşım türleri ayrı ayrı ele alınmaktadır. Son olarak otomobil paylaşım hizmetleri ve türleri incelenmektedir. Bu çalışma ilepaylaşım ekonomisi literatürüne otomobil paylaşım hizmetleri konusunda kapsamlı bir katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır.

A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON CAR-SHARING SERVICES BASED ON SHARING ECONOMY

Sharing is indicated as an alternative form of distribution to the exchange of goods and gift-giving. It encourages a sense of community, saves resources and creates specific synergies. Many factors such as the increase in the use of internet services and smartphones, globalization and urbanization, increasing e-commerce transaction volume, the reliance on online payments, the global economic recession, changes in general attitudes and more attention to sustainability in consumption have led to the development of the sharing economy in recent years. The sharing economy has given the possibility to the people to use the resources efficiently and to distribute them to where it is much needed when they are sitting idle. The shared mobility, which is one of the central areas in sharing economy, is having a growth in the last decade, due to the increased urbanization, high cost of ownership and changes in consumption habits. Even though there are different modes of shared mobility services, the most common one in Turkey is car-sharing. In this conceptual study on car-sharing services based on the sharing economy, a comprehensive literature review is conducted. In these regards, firstly the concept and importance of sharing economy is emphasized and then shared mobility services, and types are discussed individually. Lastly, car-sharing services and their types are examined. With this study, it is aimed to make a totalcontribution to the sharing economy literature on car-sharing services.

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